GUDE & WOODWARD : ON HELICELLA, Fi^RUSSAC. 179 



Gray in 1847 had made this a synonym for Hygromia, and con- 

 sequently cinctella, which is the first species cited by Held, remains 

 the type of the genus. The genus, which is a large one, has been 

 divided into subgenera on anatomical grounds by more than one 

 writer, the latest of whom, Mr. Hugh Watson,^* has so ably summed 

 up the work of his predecessors for the greater part of the genus 

 that it only remains for us to make some necessary alterations in his 

 nomenclature, to supply some names for sections left innominate 

 by him, and to add those sections with which he did not deal, in order 

 to arrive at a correct synonymy of the whole genus. 



Genus Fruticicola, Held, 1837. 



Type, Helix cinctella, Draparnaud (selected by Gray, 1847 ^). 

 1821. Helicella [pars] : Ferussac, Tabl. syst. Lima9ons, Jan. ed., p. 41 



(June ed., p. 37). 

 1826. Hygromia: Risso, Hist. Nat. Europ. merid., iv, p. 68. [Non 



Schrank, 1803 (Vermes).] 

 1837. Bradybcena[TpsiTs]: Beck, Index Moll., p. 18. [Non Bradyhcen-uSy 



Dejean, 1829 (Coleopt.)] 

 1837. Fruticicola : Held, Isis, xxx, hft. 12, col. 914. 



Subgenus fruticicola, s.s. 



Section 1 : Zenohiella, n.nov. 



Type, Helix subrufescens, Miller. 



1821. Zenohia : Gray, Lond. Med. Repos., xv, p. 239, for Helix 

 corriigata [n.nnd. = Helix fusca, Mont., iide Gray, non H. fusca, 

 Poiret] = subrufescens. Miller. \_Non Zenohia, Oken, 1815 

 (Lepidopt.).] 



Section 2 : Fruticicola, s.s. 

 1837. Fruticicola : Held, as above. 



1902. Sciaphila : Westerlund. Rad Jugoslav. Akad., cli, p. 92. 

 , [Non Treitscbke, 1829 (Lepidopt^)]. 



Subgenus monachella, n.nov. 



Type, Helix incarnata, Miiller. 



1833. Monacha [pars] : Fitzinger, Beitr. Landesk. Oesterr., iii, p. 95.^* 

 [Non Monachus, Kaup, 1829 (Aves).] " 



Subgenus capillipera, Honigmann, 1906. 



Type, Helix hispida, Linne. 



1840. Trichia : Hartma,nn, Erd. & Siissw.-Gaster., p. 41 . [Non Trichia, 

 Haller, 1768 (Mvcetozoa) ^^ ; nee Trichius, Fabrieius, 1775 

 (Coleopt.). ; nee Trichia, Haan, 1841 (Crust.).'^] 



1906. Capillifera : Honigmann, Abhandl. Mus. Magdeburg, i, p. 190. 



1* Proc. Malac. Soc. Lond., xiii, 1919, p. 120-132. 



^5 Both Hartmann (Ind. gen. Malac, ii, July, 1847, p. 5) and Gray (Proc. 

 Zool. Soc. Lond., 1847, Nov., p. 173) give Helix carthusiana, Miiller, as the type, 

 guided thereto evidently by Fitzinger's choice of the name Monacha ; thus 

 constituting Monacha a sjTionym of Theba, Risso, 1 826. 



'^ Pilsbrj^ (M3.n. Conch., ser. ii, vol. ix, p. 271) makes Westerlund's Lalonia 

 a synonym, but puts all his species under Theba ! 



^' Honigmami advances this as a case of pre-occupation because some 

 authorities classed the Mycetozoa with the Animal Kingdom. 



"•^ Fauna Japonica, v, p. 109. 



