64 REPORTS ON THE STATE OF SCIENCE.—1917. 
Cold vulcanisation of caoutchouc by means ‘Journ. Soc. Chem. Ind.’ 1916, 85, 369 
of sulphur, trinitrobenzene, or benzoyl 
peroxide. 
Mechanism of vulcanisation of caoutchouc. 
3 > ” > 59 
Mechanism of action of amines and metallic ‘i st Ms » 3/0 
oxides on the vulcanisation of 
caoutchouc. 
Vulcanisation of caoutchoue by molecular 5 55 - yi) 
oxygen, ozone, or organic ozonides. 
Vulcanisation of synthetic caoutchouc. ‘A 5 33 S5 58 
Preparation of vulcanised caoutchouc A 3 & cll 
coloured by organic colouring matters. 
Process for obtaining a substance identical ne oo i sric WoL 
with or analogous to natural vulcanised 
rubber. 
J. I. OstRoMYSLENSEI and I. M. KeLBastnsKaJa (‘ Journ. Soc. Chem. Ind.’ 35, 58, 
* New Constants of Caoutchouc, Elasticity Point and Fatal Temperature ’). 
The first three papers describe methods for producing a vulcanised rubber without 
the use of sulphur by heating the rubber (a) with nitro-aromatic derivatives, e.g., 
trinitrobenzene, or (b) with organic peroxides, e.g., benzoyl peroxides. 
H. P. Stnvens (‘ Journ. Soc. Chem. Ind.’ 1917, 36, 107) has shown that reaction (a) 
‘only proceeds in the presence of a base such as PbO or MgO, and that the products are 
inferior technically to rubber vulcanised with sulphur. Compare also Twiss(p. 63). 
TH. HEm~Bronwer and J. BERNSTEIN (‘ Rubber Industry,’ 1914, 156 ; ‘ Caoutchouc 
‘et Gutta Percha,’ 1915, 12, 8720) describe a method of vulcanisation in which rubber 
-and sulphur m solution are exposed to the action of ultra-violet light from a quartz 
amercury vapour-lamp. Once the solvent has evaporated from this solution the rubber 
‘hecomes.insoluble. 
(5) Physical Testing of Vulcanised Rubber. 
P. L. WormeExey (‘ Rubber Industry,’ 1914, 246-256). This paper brings out the 
great influence exerted by temperature on the results of physical tests. 
P. ScutpRowiTz (‘ Rubber Industry,’ 1914, 230-245), ‘ Outline of a Method of 
Physical Tests.’ 
H. P. Srzvens (‘ Journ. Soc. Chem. Ind.’ 1916, 85). Criticises current methods of 
testing, particularly with regard to state of cure of the specimens tested and the ageing 
factor. 
A. van Rossen (‘ Bijdrage tot de Kennis van het vulcanisatieproces,’ Amsterdam, 
1916) contains the results of tests on a very large number of yulcanised rubber samples, 
with mathematical treatment of same. 
See also publications of the International Association for Rubber Cultivation in the 
Netherlands Indies, Delft, Part I., published in 1917; ‘ Bulletin of Imperial Institute,’ 
1916, 14, 495. 
(6) Synthetic Rubber. 
I. I. OstRomystensxt (‘ Journ. Russ. Phys.-Chem. Soc.’ 1915, 47, 1441 et seg., 1928 
el seq. ; 1916, 48, 1071 et seq. 
Condensation of alcohols and aldehydes in ‘Journ. Soc. Chem. Ind.’ 1916, 35, 69 
presence of dehydrating agents. 
New syntheses of caoutchoue and_ its » » ” » 368 
homologues. 
Mechanism of transformation of isoprene ne % ” » 369 
and 8 myrcene into caoutchouc, 
Production of caoutchouc. ” . ” » 130 
Jonstitution of caoutchoucs. ¥ a A » 369 
Definition, classification and evaluation of 4 ” ” » 57 
caoutchoucs. 
New methods of preparation of divinyl, ~ ,, * ” » 380 
isoprene, piperylene, and dimethyl- 
erythrene. 
Formation of erythrene “5 9 » 69 
New methods of preparation of erythrenc. ” ” » » 69 
