SYSTEMS OF GLACIAL GRAVELS. 73 



BARING-PEMBROKE SYSTEM. 



A ridge of glacial gravel comes from the north of the northern bank 

 of the St. Croix River a short distance west of the bridge of the St. Croix 

 and Penobscot Railroad Company, at Baring. Directly opposite, on the 

 southern bank, the ridge begins again, and probably it was once continu- 

 ous across the bed of the stream; but if so, it has been considerably washed 

 away. A series of ridges separated by gaps extends from Baring south- 

 ward over a low divide, and thence along the valley of Moosehorn 

 Stream. Farther south the system takes the form of a rather continuous 

 level-topped plain, which presents the external features of a marine delta- 

 plain; but 1 or 2 miles north of Pennamaquan Lake, in Charlotte, the sys- 

 tem changes to a series, neai-ly a mile wide, of broad reticulated ridges 

 about 100 feet high, inclosing several deep kettleholes. The gravel passes 

 into the northern end of Pennamaquan Lake as a long gently-slojDing bar, 

 and within 2 miles reappears on the western shore of the lake, and thence 

 the series is found along the lake and Pennamaquan Stream to its mouth 

 in Pembroke. Toward the south the ridges become shorter and the gaps 

 somewhat longer — indeed, some of the ridges are so short as almost to be 

 lenticular hummocks. Unless, perhaps, at Pennamaquan Lake and at the 

 top of the col in the southern part of Baring, the gaps in this system seldom 

 exceed one-fourth of a mile. The country traversed by this system is cov- 

 ered by marine clay. An excavation in this gravel ridge made a short dis- 

 tance south of Baring Village showed the ridge to be covered by 3 feet 

 of clay containing marine fossils, and a number of bowlders having the 

 ordinary till shapes rest on the clay directly above the gravel. 



The northern connections of this system are obscure. D. F. Maxwell, 

 a civil engineer of St. Stephen, New Brunswick, reports sand-and-gravel 

 deposits in the valley of the Moannes Stream, extending about 4 miles 

 north from Baring, and these are probably a part of this system. Grravels 

 are reported at Chiputneticook Falls, St. Croix River. Possibly this system 

 is a continuation of the Dyer system, but I mark them provisionally as 

 independent systems. 



HOULTON-DENNYSVILLE SYSTEM. 



This important osar system appears to begin a few miles north of the 

 -divide between the waters flowing- northward into the Aroostook River and 



