YARMOUTH-GAPE ELIZABETH SYSTEM. 215 



HILLSIDE ESKERS IN OXFORD COUNTY. 



There are several short hillside osars in Paris, Woodstock, Stimnei', 

 and other hilly parts of Oxford Countj. A particular description of them 

 is omitted, since they are so small as not to illustrate the mode of forma- 

 tion of this class so well as the larger deposits already described. 



YARMOUTH-CAPE ELIZABETH SYSTEM. 



This is a discontinuous system, consisting of rather level plains up to 

 one-fourth mile in breadth, and of low, broad ridges with arched cross sec- 

 tion. The intervals between the successive deposits are nowhere more than 

 about 1 mile. The gravels of this system are usually found on the tops of 

 low hills as a rather thin cap overlying the till. The system appears to 

 begin as a low plain of gravel situated not far north of Yarmouth Village. 

 In Yarmouth Village it takes the form of a small plain of gravel and very 

 round cobbles, and then there is a space of about a mile where the gravel 

 does not appear above the marine clay. Not far north of Cumberland 

 Post-Office the gravel begins again, and the intervals between the succes- 

 sive ridges are then very short for several miles. The shore road (Fal- 

 mouth Foreside) follows the course of the gravel series as far south as the 

 marine hospital near Portland. Near this point is a small kame situated a 

 short distance west of the main system (near an old rolling mill and 

 foundry), which was probably deposited by a small lateral tributary. The 

 next gravel deposit of the series is on the top of Munjoy Hill, in the 

 eastern part of Portland, as a sheet of gravel and cobbles capping a lentic- 

 ular mass of till. A discontinuous series of gravel plains extends south- 

 ward through Cape Elizabeth to within a short distance of the sea at 

 Bowery Beach and Two Lights. I could discover no sign of the system 

 having at any time extended south of this point into the sea. 



As most of the gravels of this series are on hills less than 100 feet 

 high, they were in exposed situations while covered by the ocean, and 

 much of the glacial gravel has thereby been washed away from the top of 

 the ridges, often being spread over the adjacent fossiliferous marine clays. 

 Although these plains externally resemble delta-plains in several of their 

 features, yet the original structure has so far been modified on the surface 

 by the sea that it is unsafe to assert that the glacial gravel was originally 



