252 GLACIAL GEAVELS OF MAINE. 



Papoose Pond near East Waterford seemed so unusual that it demanded 

 further investig-ation, although as yet I did not have even a hint of the 

 true condition of things at North Waterford. 



As stated already, the Crooked River turns abruptly east at North 

 Waterford. From where the river turns east another valley leads south- 

 west, so low that a dam of 50 or 75 feet would probably turn the Crooked 

 River southwest into the Saco River. Kezar Brook originates in the Five 

 Kezar Ponds, only about 2 miles from North Waterford, and flows south- 

 westward in this valley. 



DELTA BRANCH AT NORTH WATERFORD. 



I have long since learned that glacial rivers bear careful watching. 

 Their deceitfulness is well exhibited at North Waterford. At the time of 

 my first visit to this region, in 1878, diverging or delta branchings of osar 

 systems were unknown to me. I then Avent for about a mile down the river 

 below North Waterford and found the gravel extending down the river. I 

 inferred there was a Crooked River series, of which the gravel at Ede's 

 Falls, which had been described to me, Avas a part. Several years later I 

 explored the whole valley and discovered tliat the glacial gravel ends near 

 East Waterford in the plain at Papoose Pond. A full investigation then 

 followed. Two branches of the glacial river that came down from Albanj^ 

 diverged at North Waterford. The smaller one followed the Crooked River 

 Valley a few miles to Papoose Pond. The larger one crossed a low col and 

 followed the valley of Kezar Brook southwestward. For several miles 

 gravel takes the form of a series of ridges and terraces of coarse osar 

 material. Some of these ridges are more than 50 feet high and are very 

 broad and massive. Approaching Lovell Village, the series takes the form 

 of sand plains, having a gently rolling surface, as if the sand had been 

 deposited in a broad channel upon gravel ridges which had previously been 

 formed in narrower channels. The sand plain is here near a mile wide. 

 The series here leaves the valley of Kezar Brook and turns abruptly south- 

 ward over a rolling plain. It passes through Sweden, Fryeburg, and Den- 

 mark, and enters the Saco Valley about 2 miles east of East Brownfield. 

 In all this part of its course it is a kind of osar-plain, not so level on the 

 lop as most osar-plains, and containing, at least on the top, much sand or 



