120 JOURNAL, BOMBAY NATURAL HIST. SOCIETY, Vol. XXVIL 



Engystoma interlineatum (c) rather than Boijlenger's account (d). The ventral 

 surface bears in both the examples beautiful white roundish or squarish 

 spots, not alluded to by any previous writers and such as are present in 

 some species of Megalophrys. 



Only the following examples of batrachia included in my collection call 

 for observation at present. 



Eana hexadactyla, Less. 



1890. Rana hexadactyla, Boulenger, Faun. Brit. Ind. Eept. Batr., p. 441. 



Larva. 



1904. Rana hexadactyla, Fergusson, J. B. N. H. S., Vol. XV., p. 500. 

 A young specimen measuring 23 mm. taken in Jog, Shimoga Dist., shows- 

 the following peculiarities as compared with examples of similar size. 



1. The strong fold of skin behind the eyes and across the head is conti- 

 nued over the tympanum on each side. 



2. Pearl-like granules crowd over the body and the limbs and toes 



3. First finger equals the second. 



4. A very distinct canthus rostralis. 



5. Nostrils with valve-like flaps. 



6. The tibio tarsal articulation reaches beyond the eyes 

 This specimen has been sent to the Indian Museum. 



Rana tigrina, Daud. 

 1890. Rana tigrina, Boulenger, Faun. Brit. Ind. Kept. Batr., p. 449. 

 1915. Rana tigrina, Nicholls, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pp. 603, 609. 



1917. Rana tigrina, Annandale, Mem. As. Soc. Bengal, Vol. VI, p. 112. 



1918. Rana tigrina. Id: & Boulenger, Rec. Ind. Mus., Vol. XV, 51, 67. 



Larva. 



1904. Rana tigrina, Ferguson, J. B. N. H. S., Vol. XV, p. 501. 



1917. Rana tigrina, Annandale, Mem. As. Soc. Bengal. Vol. VI, p. 125.. 



The variations observable in this ppecies are quite striking and are asso- 

 ciated with the different modes of life adopted by the individual members.. 

 In the Mysore State, e. g., Bangalore as in Madras town both this species 

 and its variety crassa occur together and though both are of robust build 

 their powers to stand captivity are so small, that any prolonged observa- 

 tions on their habits in a vivarium becomes almost impossible. My own 

 experience is that the fossorial habits are by no means confined to crassa 

 and I have on several occasions exhumed specimens of tigrina S. S. 

 while digging for earthworms. The presence of a horny plate on 

 the roof of the mouth or on the sides of the lower jaw of the larvae is 

 purely arbitrary and indicates nothing. In my opinion it would not be 

 perfectly safe to use this character as a basis for specific or racial 

 distintion. The dental formula ascribed to the tadpole by Dr. Annandale {e} 

 does not provide for the outer limits of variations and the description 

 of Dr. Boulenger (/) would be correct if the formula is written thus, 1 : 3 

 or 4/3 or 4 : 1. 



The osteological characters of Rana tigrina recently described by Dr. 

 Nicholls would appear to be subject to a great deal of variation and the 

 following description refers to the more important of them. He compares, 

 the vertebral column of the Indian bull frog with that of the European 



(c) J. A. S. B., 1854, Vol. XXIII, P. 732, 



id) Faun. Brit. Ind. Eept. Batr., 1890, p. 490. 



(e) 1917, Mem. As. Soc, Bengal, Vol. VI., p. 125. 



(f) 1918, Rec. Lid. Mus., VoL XV., Part II, 57. 



