MAMMALS OF MESOPOTAMIA. 333 



It is probably met with on the Tigris as well, but will nowhere be 

 plentiful. The desert tribes north-west of Baghdad seemed very vacrue 

 as to its whereabouts or existence there. Sheikh Feisul ibn Saoud from 

 Central Arabia was well acquainted with them and recognised them 

 at once in the London Zoological Gardens. 



The specimen from Ur has been compared with a recent series of Hyana 

 hy(vna from India, ..r<- d,;:rc«»r8 identical with the exception of being 

 slightly paler. The type x^c uty of the species is Bunder Abbas. 



The range is Palestine, Persia, Trans-Caspia and India. Also North 

 Africa. 



17. Canis pallipes, Sykes. 



1831. Canis pallipes, Sykes, P. Z. S., p. 101. 

 Indian Wolf. Arabic 'Dhib. ' 



I Shaiba Livesey, June 1917. 



1 c? Tanooma, Basra. Christy, May 1918. 



In addition to the skins sent, wolves have occasionally been seen and 

 killed on the Tigris, their appearance is however rare and I have not hearr? 

 of their being seen otherwise than singly or in pairs. The wolf sent by 

 Christy was collected by Major R. W. Cooper, who shot it. He states 

 it measured 26 inches and a bit to the shoulder. It had killed sheep from 

 a wire pen several nights in succession at Tanooma. 



On comparison with the series of Canis lupus and Canis pallipes, there 

 is no doubt that the Mesopotamian wolf belongs to the latter species. 



A skin and skull of C. pallipes was collected near Aden by Percival 

 and Dodson in 1899 and in 1894 Col. Jayakar obtained a skin of C. pallipes 

 from near Bunder Abbas, both are now in the British Museum. 



Distribviion. — Sind and throughout India. The type locality is Dekkan. 

 The occurrence of this wolf in Mesopotamia is a link with those found in 

 Arabia mentioned by Kinnear. 



18. Canis aureus, L. 



1758. Canis aureus, Linugeus, Syst. Nat. 1, lOthed., p, 40. 

 Jackal. Arabic Wow-wi. 



1 cJ Kut Pitman, 1.3-1-17. 



Id' Shaiba Livesey, Feb 1917. 



1(5 Legait ,, 5-4-17. 



1 Mesopotamia „ 16-10-16. 



4 Baghdad Ingoldby, 18-1-18. 



IJ Shahroban Connor, Jan. 1919. 



1 ,, Indian Museum (Connor), 5-5-19. 



•2 2 Amara Buxton, 4-11-17 and 17-1-18. 



1 Persian Gulf Evans, 14-2-18. 



The skins of Mesopotamian jackals are separable into two groups. Some 

 agree with a series selected from the National collection from the di- 

 rection of Bunder Abbas, the type locality from which LinnaBus described 

 C. aureus. Unfortunately the type itself is unknown. The skins in this 

 series were from Bunder Abbas. Rae. 1911. Shush, near Dizful, 

 Woosnam 1905— S. Arabia, Bury, 1902. Fao, Gumming, 1893, and Seis- 

 tan, Kennion, 1910. These with the present collection from the lower 

 Tigris and Euphrates may be described as bearing a ground colour of pale 

 sandy to pale buff. The larger hairs are brown tipped with a few black 

 tipped. The skin sent from Shaiba by Livesey is an exceptionally pale 

 example, but the coat is old and the variation would be caused by the 



