DISTRIBUTION OF THE MACAQUES. 



66» 



IVIacaca assamensis, McCl. 



1839. 3Iacacns assamensis, McClelland, in Horsfield, P. Z. S. p. 148 ; des- 



cribed from Assam. Blanford (in part). 



1840. Macacus (Pithex) peloj^s, Hodgson, J. A. S. B., ix, p. 1213 ; described 



from the Xepal Kachar. Wroughton Summary. 

 1843. Macacus oinops, Gray (nee Hodgson), List of species of Mamm. in B. 



M. p. 8 ; Gray, Cat. Hodgson Collection, p. 2, 1846. 

 1870. Macacus probkmaticus, Gray, Cat. Monk. &c., B. M. p. 128 ; (described 



from Dhalimkot, Bhutan). 

 1872. Macacus rheso-similis, Sclater, P. Z. S., p. 495 ; (no definite locality). 

 1879. Macacus oinops, Anderson (nee Hodgson), West. Yunn., p. 62 in legend 



below figs. 5 and 6. 

 1881. Macacus rhesus, Anderson (nee Audebert), Cat. Maram. Ind. Mus. Calc.^ 



p. 68. 

 1888. Macacus rhesus, Blanford (nee Audebert), MammaUa, p. 12 in legend 



below figs. 3 and 4. 

 These two synonymies dispose of our first problem, i.e., the true technical 

 name of the Rhesus and of the Assam Macaque. The solution of the second we 

 believe we can best present by the following statement of the outstanding 

 characters, distinguishing 31. mulatta from M. assamensis, in parallel columns. 



Macaca mulatta, Zimm. 



Size — A large male measures head 

 and body 540-560mm., tail 225- 

 250mm. Proportionally more 

 slightly built. Weight up to 

 23-24 lbs. 



Fur — Usually of moderate length, 

 straight, not wavy or woolly ; 

 sometimes (Central Provinces) it 

 seems to grow much longer, giving 

 a shaggy look ; hairs directed 

 backwards from the forehead over 

 the crown, without any trace of a 

 median parting. 



CoLOTJK — General colour greenish 

 brown ; sides of the head and 

 forelimbs pale ashy ; lower back, 

 especially loins and thighs tinged 

 (often strongly) with rufous or 

 ferruginous. 



Skull : — Moderate in size, short 

 and broad, braincase largo and 

 facial portion relatively short ; 

 occipital crest and temporal ridges 

 weakly developed, the latter never 

 fusing to form a sagittal crest ; 

 supraorbital ridges httle develop- 

 ed ; mandible short, wide between 

 the condyles and toothrows. 



Dentition — Canines of males not 

 exceptionally large ; cheek-teeth 

 rather large and heavy in relation 

 to size of skull. 



IVIacaca assamensis, McClel. 



Head and body up to 575mm. 

 More stoutlv built. JVeight up to 

 28 lbs. 



Fairly long, wavy ; a point on the 

 vertex, joined to the forehead by 

 an obscure median parting, from 

 which the hair falls away later- 

 ally, right and left, before turning 

 backwards. 



General colour dark brown, with a 

 tinge of yellowish, especially be- 

 tween the shoulders and on the 

 nape. No ashy colouring of the 

 fore-limbs, nor rufous tinge on 

 lower back. 



Size large, massive ; braincase short, 

 narrow ; muzzle prominent : occi- 

 pital crest and temporal ridges 

 strongly developed, the latter 

 fusing to form a distinct (and in 

 old age a lofty) sagittal crest ; 

 supraorbital ridges noticeably 

 thickened ; mandible relatively 

 longer, and narrower between the- 

 condyles and toothrows. 



Canines much larger, those of the 

 upper jaw deeply grooved ante- 

 riorly ; cheek-teeth relatively 

 weaker. 



We append a short table of skull measurements, taken in the course of ^oui 

 enquiry, for ready reference. Some measure of the skull differences just enumer- 

 ated may be obtained therefrom. 



