814 JOURNAL, BOMBAY NATUBAL HIST. SOCIETY, Fol. XXV II, 



(Taf. xxiii) of Buffon's original plate, and the representation is that of the 

 bright coloured Ceylon Macaque and cannot apply to the soberer Madras 

 Macaque. 



In 1799 Audebert (Hist, Nat. Singes) pubhshed a plate (coloured) of the 

 Bonnet chinois of which he states " Celui que j'ai dessine fait partie du Museum. 

 Francois," so that we have yet another presentment of Buffon's specimen and 

 this time there can be no kind of doubt that the animal represented is the Ceylon 

 Macaque. 



Thus we find that the testimony of every authority for 30- — 40 years, and 

 much more, after Buffon described it assigns his animal (and therefore the name 

 sinica) to the Ceylon species, and we are driven therefore to the inevitable con- 

 clusion that the name sinica can no longer be employed for the Madras Macaque 

 but must be re-transferred to the " Toque " of Ceylon. We have been unable 

 to trace exactly who first transferred the name sinica to the Madras Macaque. 

 Jerdon and Blyth both used the name sinica as we propose it should now be used. 

 Probably Anderson was the first to use it for the Madras Macaque and thus 

 influenced Blanford to a similar use of it. 



The next name in order of 'seniority is pileatea. It was established by Kerr 

 (Animal Kingdom, p. 69), 1792 (not by Shaw, 1800, as usually stated). Kerr 

 first attaches the name to the Ceylon animal and then (by a startling adoptior^ 

 of trinomial nomenclature, a system only generally accepted in quite recent 

 years) describes a form sinicns pileatus. He bases his description entirely on 

 that of Pennant (Hist. Quad. No. 105), 1781. Pennant describes his animal, a 

 specimen in the Leverian Museum, as follows : — " Monkey with a dusky face : 

 on the crown a circular bonnet, consisting of upright black hairs : on the sides 

 of the cheeks the hairs are long : those and the body brown : legs and arms 

 black. Size of a small cat." Kerr merely paraphrases this and adds " Inhabits 

 India " without indicating any authority for so doing. This description obvi- 

 ously does not apply to either of the Macaques under consideration nor so far 

 as we know to any Indian Macaque. It is not improbable that the specimen 

 dealt with belonged to an African species. 



The same comment applies to the name mitrata given by Bechstein (Pennant's 

 vierfusz Thiere, p. 211 (60), 1799, to the Leverian Museum specimen. Both 

 these names, i.e., pileata and mitrata, must, we hold, be ignored as unidenti- 

 fiable. 



The next name is radiatus, Geoffroy, 1812, but it will be more convenient to 

 reserve our consideration of it for the moment returning to it later. 



In 1862 Keichenbach published a revision of the Primates (VoUstand 

 Naturgesch. Affen). The Macaques with radiating hair are there referred to a 

 subgenus Zati of the genus Cyiiamolgus (sic). Three species are enumerated, 

 viz:. : sinicus ( p. 130) with hair radiating without any parting (based on the 

 * subsidiary ' figure in Buffon's pi. xxx.) brown in colour, inhabiting Madras ; 

 pileatus (p. 131) with a median longitudinal parting, tawny face, yellow frontal 

 band, coat olive greenish grey, under surface and insides of limbs bluish grey, 

 hands blackish above, hands and feet below, hke the ears, flesh coloured (based 

 on the chief figure in Buffon's pi. xxx) and distributed in all parts of the west 

 and south coastal provinces of Ceylon ; audeberti (p. 132) based on Audebert 's 

 figure of Simia sinica (already mentioned above in discussing Buffon's Bonnet 

 chinois) hair with median parting, the whole upper surface of the body red- 

 brown, cheeks, lower surface and insides of limbs whitish. AH these species 

 are based either on one of the two figures on Buffon's pi. xxx or on Audebert's 

 plate and therefore as we have pointed out are all ultimately based on a single 

 specimen and that the type of Simia sinica, L. 



The last name available in this group is radiatus. 'Geoffroy (Ann. Mus. H. N., 

 Paris., xix, p. 98), 1812, described as a species of Cercocebus from India. The 

 original diagnosis reads :'--" Pelage brunverdatre ; dessus des jambes cendre ; 



