86 BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. V. _ March 1883. ] 
Bibliography we must refer the student to the catalogues of Messrs. 
W. H. Edwards and Hermann Strecker. Reference to a work in which 
the larva of each species has been described is given where the larva is 
known, with the name of the food plant where known: works such as 
Harris’ Insects Injurions to Vegetation (Flint’s Edition) are cited as much 
as possible because best know. We shall also give in most cases a brief 
note to the species giving its principal characteristics in additon to those 
indicated in the synopsis and variations will be here noted and the view of 
whoever may be the author of the synopsis as to the validity of the species, 
variety or the generic reference will be there given. . 
We hope in this way to enhance the value of the synopsis to Lepi- 
dopterists and to give them in brief the results usually only obtained by 
reading long descriptions, John B. Smith, Editor. 
0 eS 
VANESSA, Fabr. 
In this as in the allied genera the body is robust and clothed with 
rather thin long vestiture; the abdomen is short: palpi oblique well exceed- 
ing the head and lengthily fringed: antenne with an elongate, obtusely 
terminate and slightly flattened club. The anterior legs are as in the 
others of this group imperfectly developed. W ings angulate; primaries pro- 
duced at outer margin one third from apex and slightly so near hind 
angle; fringes between, dentate; secondaries with a.short tail-like prolon- 
gation at middle of outer margin. lhe usual groove for the reception of 
the abdomen. 
The wings beneath are destitute of silvery marks or characters and 
the species are thus readily distinguished from Grafia. 
They may be known as follows: 
Wings dark brown with a yellow or buff border................ Antiopa. 
Wings tawny or yellowish red with a black border: three 
black costal and two central spots on primaries............ Californica- 
Wings dark brown with a broad yellow red subterminal ; 
band on both and two reddish costal spots on primaries........ Milberti. 
WV. Antiopa, L. Bad. Lec. 173; Harr. 2096, fig. 121 : Var Lintnerii Fitch 
3rd Rep. N. Y. Agr. Soc. 211. 
The Lizfnera variety has the marginal yellow band much wider some- 
times extending to nearly the middle of the wings and always lacks the 
blue spots which in the normal form/follow the buff yellow band inwardly. 
It is an abberation rather than a variety and is found only occassionally. 
The caterpillar is well known and has been figured and described by 
Harris. It feeds on willow, poplar and elm. 
Expands 3 to 33 inches. Haé. Europe and America. 
