[March & April 1885. BULLETIN BROOKLYN ENTOM. SOC. VOL. VII. 141 
. An Introduction to a Classification of the 
N. A. Lepidoptera. 
(Continued from p, 83.) 
In the last paper was given a brief review in synoptic form of the 
classification of the Lepidoptera as a whole. The present paper is de— 
voted to the RHOPALOCERA. 
In this assemblage of forms, characterized by antennz which are 
clavate at tip, a lack of ocelli, want of the frenelum in both sexes, and 
diurnal habits, two distinct structural types are observable; the true 
Butterflies, and the Skzppers or Hesperids, The latter are characterized 
by the very broad, short head, and the situation of the antennze, which 
are as widely separated as the width of the head will allow. Their robust 
‘body, strong, often rather hairy wings, usually small size, and short 
jerkv manner of flight renders them recognizable at a glance. At rest 
the primaries are elevated, the secondaries extended horizontally. ‘Some 
exotic forms (Zhanaos tages) when asleep, fuld both pair of wings as do 
the Bombycids and Noctuidae. 
The Papiliones or true butterflies have both pairs of wings elevated 
when at rest, the head is comparatively smaller than in the Hesferids, 
though in some Nymphalidae of good size, and the antenne are situated 
rather close together near to the middle of the vertex. 
In Vol. VI of the ‘‘Bulletin” pp. 37—45 I gave a synoptic table of 
the genera of the Rhopalocera, and that should be consulted by the stud- 
ent in connection herewith. In that paper I followed Mr. Edwards’ 
catalogue in the arrangement of families, placing the Pafzlionidae at the 
head of the list. Since that time I have had an opportunity of more 
closely examining large collections of that family and the result is that I 
have become convinced that the Vymphales represent a higher type than 
the Papiliones and should be catalogued before them in the list. The di- 
agram given by Mr. Scudder in the Tr. Am. Ent. Soc., Vol. VI, p. 73, 
seems to express very nearly the true relationship of the forms, and after 
verifying the structural characters referred to by him, I fully concur with 
his results 
The table on page 38 should therefore be modified as follows: 
Imago with but four fully developed legs; anterior more or less aborted in at least 
one sex. 
Anterior tarsi aborted in both sexes; tibia weak, in ({' brush-like, Chrysalis angular. 
Suspendedatyathey tatters 400! (10h | ieeMemiger tence ria ray stictolts cs) eta Nymphalidae. 
Anterior tarsi of ¢{ aborted, tibia brush-like; of © complete, but weak. Wings 
often thinly covered with scales................... SAE eee kes Erycinidae, 
