196 Scientific Proceedings, Royal Dublin Society. 



I'ig. 18. Fifth Abdominal Vertebra from before. — p, Parapophysis ; 

 , epipleural spine ; r, rib. 



Fig. 19. Fourth Abdominal Vertebra from before. — Betters as in 

 fig. 18. 



Fig. 20. Atlas from the right side. — 1, Anterior zygapopliysis ; 2, 

 lower articular process (for exoccipital) ; 3, posterior zygapopliysis ; 

 4, pit for attachment of ligament to supra-clavicle. 



Fig. 21. Third Abdominal Vertebra from before. — r, rib; e, epipleural 

 spine. 



Fig, 22. The four last Abdominal and first three Caudal Vertebra from 

 below and slightly from the right side. — 1, Parapophysis of abdominal 

 vertebra ; 2, process of hsemal arch of first caudal ; 4, ribbon-like piece 

 of bone connecting the latter to 3, the hsemal spine. 



Fig. 23. An Interspinous Bone [slightly enlarged) — do, from the side ; 

 h,from before. — 1, Hollow portion, which is continuous with the piece 

 of cartilage with which the fin-rays articulate ; 2, saucer-like portion, 

 which supports the articulation of the interspinous bone and fin-ray 

 next in front. 



Fig. 24, A. Shoulder Girdle and Fin of the left side from within. — 

 ri, b, c, coracoid — a, pra3-coracoid ; b, meso-coracoid ; c, coracoid 

 proper; 1, scapula ; 2, the anterior of the three radialia.; 3, cartilage 

 between coracoid, scapula, and clavicle ; 4, clavicle — the line points to 

 the conoidal portion ; 5, the metapterygial basale, B. Upper portion of 

 the same [slightly reduced), with the scapula and coracoid removed, 

 showing, 6, the shelf-like process of bone which supports the scapula, 

 and, 7, the post-clavicle in its natural position. 



Fig. 25. Left Supra-clavicle, a, and Post-temporal, b, from above. — 

 1, Outer or lower, and 2, inner or upper, limb of the post-temporal ; 

 3, articular surface of supra-clavicle for post-temporal. 



Fig. 26. Left Pelvic Bone from above. — a. Portion of the bone which 

 supports articular cartilage for the fin-rays — the cartilage is dotted ; 

 b, rod-like portion — the line points to the extremity where it joins its 

 fellow of the opposite side. 



