Las 
myself to this interesting subject. I forgot to state that with 
good cochineal the 2rds of the liquor from which the best car- 
mine is made yields about 45 grains of carmine to 840 of 
cochineal ; 40 grains is however the general average. Carmine 
is crimson viewed by transmitted light, and scarlet by reflected 
light ; for water-colour painting as little gum as possible should 
be employed, barely enough to prevent the carmine when dry 
from rubbing off on the finger, otherwise its vivid colour will 
be much degraded; carmine and drawings coloured with car- 
mine should be kept in a dark place. 
Professor LIVEING mentioned some investigations,not noticed 
by the author, which were in favour of the theory of two colour- 
ing principles. 
(2) On a Roman Lanx and other Antiques found at 
Welney. By Mr Luwis, Corpus Christi College. 
Having lately spent a few days in the fen country lying 
between Ely and Huntingdon, I was much surprised with 
the variety of interesting questions suggested on the most 
cursory survey of what is described in county histories as a 
dreary and uninteresting plain. Year by year the ploughman 
brings again to light huge trunks of sound but blackened oak ; 
acorns and hazel-nuts, as of last year’s growth; horns of red 
deer, perfect as when shed by the monarchs of the woodlands, 
who shall say how many centuries ago—objects these which 
tell of a primeval forest age which must have been succeeded 
by alternations of submergence and states of rank swampy 
vegetation, for in many parts horizontal seams of alluvial soil 
are found dividing deep layers of peat. The progress of agri- 
culture having by arterial drainage made fertile for corn and 
grass spots formerly little visited, except for the flocks of wild 
fowl to be shot or the curious butterflies to be caught, we are 
able at last to begin our conjectures as to the mode of life 
