195 
from a pipe passing downwards from the present surface it 
must have left its trace above. If this be so, it will follow that 
the chalk of the Isle of Wight must have been sub-aerial at 
a time previous to the elevation of the Weald area; at least, if 
the theory of the formation of pipes by the percolation of water 
be accepted. 
Professor Liveing made sore remarks also on the shattered 
state of the flints at the same locality. As the loose flints on 
the eroded surface of the chalk which are imbedded in the 
superincumbent clay are shattered equally with those which 
retain their original position in the chalk, he inferred that it 
was probable that the shattering was not due to the great 
movement by which the chalk was placed on end, since although 
it is conceivable that the shock of such a movement comrmuni- 
cated as a vibration through an unyielding mass like chalk may 
have shattered the flints which opposed a resistance to such 
a vibration, it is difficult to suppose that so yielding a matrix 
as clay could forcibly impress on flints such a vibration as to 
crack them through and through in every direction. He 
thought that either some other cause of the chattering must 
be sought, or that it must have taken place at some anterior 
period before the flints were weathered out of the chalk, and 
therefore before the deposition of the clays above. 
(2) On phenomena connected with denudation observed 
in the so-called Coprolite Pits near Haslingfield. 
By Mr O, Fisuur. 
This paper contained an extension to the neighbourhood of 
Cambridge of observations heretofore made by the author, and 
described in former papers in the Journal of the Geological 
Society and in the Geological Magazine. They relate to the 
condition of the upper portion of the sections as seen as well 
in the coprolite pits as elsewhere. The upper three or four 
feet consist of travelled material, which in the cases described 
