94 BULI.ETIN 12 222 



shales below the Carboniferous limestone as "sub-carboniferous," 

 after D. D. Owen. 



In 1863 Prof. A. Winchell* endeavored to show by a synopsis 

 of the paleontological evidence that the Chemung, Waverly, 

 Marshall, Rockford, and Burlington beds were synchronous and 

 should be classed within the Carboniferous system. 



In 1865 Prof. Winchell presented another paper on these rocks. 

 He had compared a large number of species from western rocks 

 supposed to be of Chemung age with the types of the New York 

 Chemung and failed to identify a single species with Chemung 

 types. Some of tfie Waverly species, however, were found to be 

 identical with fossils from the conglomerate in western New York 

 which had been identified with the Carboniferous of Penns}'!- 

 vania. This led Winchell to abandon his former opinion of the 

 Carboniferous age of the Chemung and its correlation with the 

 Waverly, Marshall, and Rockford beds of the west, and to incline 

 to the view that the conglomerate of western New York is "the 

 attenuated and littoral prolongation of those western sandstones 

 and shales. ' ' 



During the year 1866 the first volume of the Illinois Surveyf 

 was published, in which Mr. Worthen describes at soiiie length 

 the Kinderhook group. This group, he states, includes the 

 Chouteau limestone, the. Lithographic limestone, and the Verm- 

 icular sandstone and shales of the Missouri Report, the so-called 

 Chemung of Iowa, the Waverl}- of Ohio, and the Goniatite lime- 

 stone of Rockford. Ind. The following sedlion is given at Ham- 

 burg, Calhoun county, Illinois: 



Feet. 



Green arenaceous and argillaceous shales 60-70 



Shelly oolitic limestone 8-10 



Compadl fine-grained limestone 1 5-20 



*Ain. Jour. Sci., 2d ser., vol. 35, p. 61. 

 tP. 109. 



