273 Crown Point Section 



Historical 



The first geologist to visit this sedlion appears to have been 

 Prof. Pehr Kalm of the University of Aobo, in Swedish Finland. 

 The account of his travels in North America was published first 

 in Swedish and translated into English b}^ John Reinhold Forster 

 in 1770. Prof. Kalm gives the following description of the geol- 

 ogy of the vicinity of Ft. St. Frederick,-'^ where he spent some 

 time in July, 1749: 



"The mountains on which Ft. St. Frederick is built consisted 

 generally of a deep black limestone, lying in lamellae, as slates 

 do, and it might be called a kind of slate which can be turned 

 into quicklime by fire. This limestone is quite black in the in- 

 side and when broken appears to be of an exceedingly fine text- 

 ure. There are some grains of dark spar scattered in it, which, 

 together with some other inequalities, form veins in it. The 

 strata which ly uppermost in the mountains consist of a grey 

 limestone, which is seemingly no more than a variety of the pre- 

 ceding. The black limestone is constantly found filled with pet- 

 refadlions of all kinds, and chiefly the following: Pedlinites, or 

 petrified Ostrise Pecftines.f These petrified shells are more abund- 

 ant than any others that have been found here, and sometimes 

 whole strata are met with, consisting merely of a quantity of 

 shells of this sort grown together. They are generally small, 

 never exceeding an inch and a half in length. They are found 

 in two different states of petrefa(ftion ; one shews always the im- 

 pressions of the elevated and hollow surfaces of the shells, with- 

 out any vestige of the shells themselves; in the other appears the 

 real shell sticking in the stone, and by its light color is easily dis- 

 tinguishable from the stone. Both these kinds are plentiful in 

 the stone; however, the impressions are more in number than the 

 real shells. Some of the shells are very elevated, especially in 



*Fort St. Frederick is situated a few rods to the northeast of the 

 English fort (see map). It was built by the French in 1730 and held by 

 them for about 20 years. 



\Rafinisqiiina alteniata answers this description very well. 



