339 I'he Oligocene of the Southern United States 29 



A local change of elevation during the deposition of these 

 beds is shown by a freshwater layer of white clay at Lonjumeau 

 in the upper layer of the ]£trechy sandstone. This layer is 

 characfterized by Pahidestrina Dicbtiissoni. 



Shell marls of Jeurre. The shell marls of Jeurre, a hamlet 

 near Htampes, from which Deshayes obtained many of his 

 Oligocene (lower Miocene) types, are composed of sandy yellowish 

 marls, of no great depth, but very fosssiliferous. In the quarry 

 at Jeurre, of which a photograph, taken by the writer in 1900, is 

 shown opposite page 9, these marls rest on the Ostrea bed. 

 Unfortunately, the quarry has not been worked for so long that 

 this contacft is now obscured and the shell marl forms most of the 

 floor of the quarry. The charadleristic species are Gastrochcena 

 Rauliniana, Corbula subpisiim, Symdosmya Sandbergeri, Cytherea 

 Stanipinensis, Deshayesid^^ parisie?isis, Ptirpura vionoplex, Trocluis 

 siibcarinatus and Nurnmulites Bezan^oni. 



Sands of Morigny. The deepwater deposit constituting the 

 sands of Morign}^ lies above the shell marls at Jeurre. In the 

 photograph of the quarry of Jeurre the sands of Morigny lie to 

 the left of the center, a few feet up from the base. A nearer 

 view of these, on the opposite side of the quarry, is shown in the 

 photograph on the opposite page. At this point the sands are 

 exceedingly fossiliferous. They are especially rich in PeRuncuhis 

 and Cytherea, but many of the shells fall to pieces when handled. 

 Near the little hamlet of Morign}^ the species in the same sands 

 are better preserved, but colledling there, as already explained, 

 is now difficult as the sand pit is overgrown with vegetation. 

 Pefliincidus obovatus, Cytherea splendida, C. incrassata, Cardiiim 

 tenuisidcatum , Lucina Heberti, Bnccinuni Gossardi, Plciirotoma 

 belgica, and especially Cerithmm trochlear e, can still be obtained 

 in this locality. 



Sands of Etrcchy. The sands and gravels of Etrechy rest 

 unconformably on the sands of Morigny, and indicate a long 

 period of denudation following the deposition of the latter sands. 



*Raulin, Sur un genre nouveau {Des/iayesia), Jlfagasin de zoologic, 

 2eme ser., t. II, p. iii, pi. 3, 1S44. 



