399 '^HK OUGOCKNK OF THE SOUTHERN UnITISD STATE.S 89 



Heilprbi's correlation. In r884 and 1887,* Prof. Heilprin 

 referred the Nummulitic beds at Ocala, Florida, to the Italian, 

 and, through the Italian, to the French Oligocene. The discovery 

 of Orbitoides cpliippium {O. sella'), a Biarritz species, in the Vicks- 

 t)urg limestone at Loeneckers, on the Cheeshovviska River, in 

 Florida, led Prof. Heilprin to refer the Vicksburg limestone al.so 

 to the FvLiropean Oligocene. 



DalP s correlation. Dr. Dall, in 1892,! admitted the analogy 

 of the Vicksburg and Ocala limestones with the liuropean Oligo- 

 cene, but strongly questioned the propriety of recognizing the 

 i\merican beds as constituting a distincfl epoch, equivalent or 

 analogous in value, to the Eocene, Miocene or Pliocene, Never- 

 theless, although Dr. Dall u.ses the terms Upper liocene and 

 Lower Miocene in reference to the Vicksburg and Chittaho jchee 

 series throughout the earlier portion of the "Tertiary Fauna of 

 Florida,"! in Part 4 of the article, the term Oligocene is adopted, 

 but without explanation. In the Correlation Table|| of 1895, Dr. 

 Dall groups the Vicksburg, Chattahoochee and Grand Gulf .series 

 under the Oligocene, using the term as coordinate with the 

 Eocene and Miocene. The Chattahoochee series is referred to the 

 Aquitanian, the Shell Bluff group (of which the position is (jues- 

 tioned) to the Tongrian, and the Vicksburg series to the Ligurian 

 (Tongriau of vSacco). The Alum Bluff beds and Oak Grove sands 

 are correlated, through the Deep River beds, with the Sausans 

 (Gers) beds of France. 



Summary and correlation. A comparison of the inveitcbr.ite 

 faunas or the two continents ofTers but little evidence, either for 

 or against the argument, that the \'icksburg and Chipola epochs 

 may properly be referred to the Oligocene. Rather more liuro- 

 pean Oligocene species or their analogues occur in the American 

 Iwcene than in the .so-called Oligocene beds. Some al.so are 

 found in the American Mioctne. Yet certain characleristic 



■''Contri. to Tert. (ieol. 



^ RhU. U. S. Ceol. .Survey, x\'o. S4, 1S92, p. 105. 



+ Trans. \Va^. Free Inst. Sei., vol. 3, 1.S90. 



II /S/l/ .hill. Rep. ('. S. (ieol. Survey. 1S96. fat-iiiK p. 334- 



