EQUISETALES— GALAMAKIB/E— GYCLOCLADIA. 1 67 



as applying- to tlie fruiting spikes, while some other name, conforming to the 

 prevailing rules of nomenclature, is used for the stem, especially when the 

 particular form of spike exclusively produced on that stem is not yet known. 



The genus Macrostachija was founded by Schimper' on tlie Equisetum 

 infimdihuUforme Bronn,' two of whose figures (representing cone fragments), 

 previously given by Brongniart' as ''Equisetum,'' are again copied by 

 Brongniart in his "Histoire."* Recognizing the relations pointed out by 

 Geinitz, in 1855,^ of these strobili to stems of the Calamites verticillatus type, 

 Schimper, in 1869, included the stems in his diagnosis of the new genus 

 Macrostachya with two figures of stem fragments," the better one of which 

 was copied from Geinitz. But most of the plant remains to which Schim- 

 per's name has been given by various ' authors are fragments of spikes, 

 many of the stems continuing to be referred to Calamites or Calamitina. 



The name Cydodadia, which, it seems to me, should be adopted if any 

 separate designation is used for this group of Calamarian stems, was given 

 by Lindley and Hutton in 18347 to a stem of this type, Cydodadia major 

 L. and H., from the Jarrow colliery; and this name, as we learn from both 

 Kidston and Howse, seems to have been applied by the authors originally 

 and exclusively to the same type. Geinitz introduces the figure given by 

 the English authors into his discussion of Equisetites, making C. major 

 L. and H. doubtfully a synonym of E. infimdihuUforme.^ In 1868 Karl 

 FeistmanteP illustrated Lindley and Hutton's species and discussed the 

 characters and application of the genus. The younger Feistmantel, in 

 1874, further elaborated the genus and gave additional illustrations.'" Thus 

 it will be seen that Cydodadia has distinct priority in its application to the 

 Calamarian stems to which the Macrostadiya cones belong. 



1 Traitc, vol. 1, 1869, p. 333. 



s Bischoff, Kryptoglimische Gewiichse, 1828, vol. i, p. .52, pi. vi, figs. 4, 9, 10. 



3 Classification veg. foss., 1822, p. 90, pi. iv, fig. 4. 



•1 Histoire des vegetans foasiles, vol. i, p. 119, pi. xii, figs. 14-16. 



"Verst. Steinkohlenform. Sachsen, p.3. 



i5Trait6 paleont. v(Sg., vol. i,p. 333, pi. xxiii, figs. 13, 14. These fragments seem to agree with 

 the figures given by Lesquereux in Coal Flora, pl.iii, fig. 14, and the 13th Eept. Geol. Surv. Indiana, 

 1883, pt. 2, pi. V, fig. 7. 



' Foss. Fl. Gr. Brit. , vol. ii, p. 137, pi. cxxx. 



s Verst. Steinkohlenform. Sachsen, p. 3. 



9 Abh. k. biihm. Gesell., (6) vol. ii, no. 6, p. 5, pi. i. 



10 " Genus Cyci.ocladia Lindley and Hutton. Caulis artieulatus, eoriice glabra rarius smsim striata: 

 marticulationihiis omnihus tuberciiUs ohlongis (cicatrictilwfoHormn), saejnus adhuc cum folusiimdetinbus ; 

 in ariiculationibus singulis tuberculis vel cicatricibns majoribus (cicatrices ramarum)." Verst. buhm. Ablag., 

 vol. 1, p. 95, pi. i, fig. 8. 



