TRIBUTARIES OF LAKE ERIE. 217 



froin a point a short distance above Berea northward on the east side of 

 that city to Lake Erie, which it enters a short distance west of the present 

 mouth of the stream. Each of the forks has falls and rapids in passing- 

 over the Berea grit, those on the east fork being at the city of Berea and 

 those on the west fork at the village of Olmsted Falls. The present chan- 

 nels of the streams are shallow above these falls and rapids, being but 2,5 

 to 40 feet in depth, but upon passing the outcrop of Berea grit the soft 

 Cuyahoga shale is entered and a narrow canyon-like gorge 100 feet or more 

 in average depth is excavated. 



BLACK KIVEK. 



Two streams with this name unite at the city of Elyria and pass 

 thence northward to the lake at Loraine. The eastern or main fork has its 

 source on the borders of an extensive marsh near Lodi, in which a boring 

 210 feet in depth failed to reach rock, and flows thence northward mainly 

 through a drift-filled valley, though not strictly coincident with it. This 

 old valley apparently drained the headwaters of Killbuck Creek, as indi- 

 cated in the discussion of that stream. At the city of Elyria occur falls 

 nearly 40 feet in height, and the power which they furnish has recently been 

 utilized. The west fork heads in a moraine near the village of Nova and 

 takes a course east of north, channeling a passage much of the way through 

 rock, its course not being so nearly in harmony with the preglacial drainage 

 line as that of the east fork. The united stream is mainly in a new course 

 from Elyria to its mouth. 



YERMmiON RIVER. 



This stream heads in the midst of morainic ridges near Greenwich, 

 and flows east of north, mainly through a rock-bound postglacial valley. 

 It drains a somewhat elevated sandstone district. The valley is narrow 

 throughout its course, being usually but 15 to 20 rods wide. It is scarcely 

 50 feet in average depth, except for a few miles near the mouth, where it is 

 100 to 150 feet deep. 



HURON RIVER. 



Huron River has its source in extensive marshes between moraines 

 near New Haven. It drains a low district underlain by shale along the 

 western border of the outcrop of Berea grit. Its valley is shallower than 

 that of the Vermilion, seldom reaching 50 feet in dejjth. 



