DESCRIPTION OF THE OLDEST DRIFT. 233 



ever, contains cobblestones and bowlders. The thickest section of drift in 

 this channel yet reported is in a water well at the residence of George 

 Mason, which reached a depth of 113 feet without entering rock. The well 

 is on ground about 1,126 feet above tide, or 165 feet above the Allegheny 

 River at Franklin. 



Between Franklin and Brandon very little drift appears in the Alle- 

 gheny Valley, though uplands immediately west and south of Franklin 

 carry glacial deposits at an altitude of fully 500 feet above the stream. A 

 road grading on the slope of "Bunker Hill," 2 miles west of Franklin, 

 shows 2 to 5 feet of stony glacial drift, including a few Canadian bowlders, 

 at an altitude of 500 to 540 feet, by aneroid, above the river. Exposures 

 of similar character were noted on another ridge a mile farther west. There 

 are also thin deposits at abovit as high altitude near the "Twin Churches," 

 2 miles south of Franklin. An occasional bowlder is found at nearly as 

 high altitudes on the east side of the Alleghenj' near Franklin. 



At Brandon, 11 miles below Franklin, drift deposits are better dis- 

 played on the east side of the valley than at points near Franklin, there 

 being a nearly continuous thin sheet of drift on the slope for a mile east of 

 Brandon, extending up to a level of about 500 feet above the stream. Cana- 

 dian rocks were noted at frequent intervals in the lower 300 feet, but above 

 this level none were found. The rocks farther up the slope are chiefly local 

 sandstones, most of which are well rounded. Two miles below Brandon 

 gravelly drift appears on the east bluff to a height of fully 300 feet above 

 the river, and it appears at even higher altitudes back of Kennerdell, the 

 aneroid indicating 360 feet above the river. Near Rockland, 8 miles below 

 Kennerdell, gravelly deposits cover the slope up to an altitude of 320 feet 

 (aneroid) above the river. It seems probable that the valley in the region 

 between Kennerdell and Rockland was filled to the level of the gravel 

 deposits by an outwash from the ice sheet rather than by direct glacial 

 deposition. The glacial boundary, as indicated above, appears to lead 

 southwestward from near Kennerdell directly awa}' from the Allegheny 

 Valley. The deposits farther down the Allegheny are discussed below in 

 connection with glacial outwash. 



Retm-ning up the Allegheny Valley to the mouth of Brokenstraw Creek, 

 about 6 miles below Warren, we find leading in from the west a valley 

 which is "broader than the valley occupied by the Allegheny below that point. 



