ST. MARYS OR FORT WAYNE MORAINE. 579 



the glacial waters would naturally find escape down that valley to its 

 junction with the St. Marys, and thence pass southwestward through the 

 Lake Maumee outlet to the Wabash River. There is a belt of gravel alono- 

 the St. Joseph Valley which is shown by well sections to have great depth 

 and to pass under the till of the Fort Wayne moraine. It is probable, 

 therefore, that only the surface portion, including perhaps that standing 

 above the level of the present stream, is to be correlated with the Fort 

 Wayne moraine. 



In the west part of Fort Wayne there are gravel deposits along the 

 outer border of the Fort Wayne moraine, occupying the interval between 

 the moraine and the St. Marys River. They seem, however, not to have 

 been deposited by direct outwash from the part of the moraine which they 

 border, but seem instead to have been brought in from the north by a 

 stream flowing down the St. Josej^h Valley. This interpretation was made 

 by Taylor prior to the writer's visit, and seems well sustained by the 

 bedding of the gravel. The gravel, as shown in PL XVI, presents beds 

 with a sharp southward dip, and these are overlain bj^ horizontal beds that 

 appear also to have been produced by a southward-moving stream. The 

 excavations, only a part of which are shown in these photographs, have 

 exposed several acres of the gravel, and there is throughout the excavations 

 e^ndence of the southward movement of the depositing waters. The com-se 

 of St. Marys River in its passage through these gravel deposits is northward, 

 or the reverse of the course of the depositing waters. It is probable that the 

 gravel was deposited while the ice sheet still occupied the Fort Wayne 

 moraine, but the stream appears to have had its rise some distance up the 

 St. Joseph Valley. As above noted, the valley cari-ies large amounts of 

 gi-avel of similar character to that under discussion. This gravel near Fort 

 Wayne is capped by several feet of sand, which in places has been drifted 

 into dunes. The sand may have been deposited by the waters of Lake 

 Maumee, for it extends westward some distance down the lake outlet. 



INNER BORDER PHENOMENA. 



On the inner slope of the moraine there is a till plain which descends 

 gradually to the upper beach of Lake Maumee. The descent continues 

 past this beach line to the valleys of Blanchard and Tiffin rivers, thus 

 repeating the drainage phenomena of the inner slope of earlier moraines than 



