CLEVELAND MORAINE. 633 



nearly fills the valley that only a narrow passage along the east side is left 

 for the creek. The breadth of this ridge is about one-half mile. On its 

 outer slope an undulatory tract leads down to a pitted gravel plain, from 

 which a terrace passes down the creek. The altitude of the northern end 

 of the terrace is 20 feet, more or less, above the present flood plain. The 

 bluffs on each side of Le Boeuf Creek in this vicinity have numerous 

 knolls up to a level 150 feet above the creek. They are less numerous at 

 higher altitudes, but are not rare on the uplands northeast of Waterford, 

 between Le Boeuf Creek and Lake Pleasant. Below Waterford but few 

 occur, either on the uplands or along Le Boeuf Creek. 



Turning now to the outer member, we find along the south side 

 of French Creek, from Mill Village eastward, a rather low tract, a mile or 

 more in width, on which drift knolls 10 to 30 feet in height abound, and 

 which inclose basins an acre or more in extent, depressed slightly below the 

 base of the knolls. Near Union City larger knolls appear, some of the mem- 

 bers of a cluster a mile or so northwest of the town being 60 to 75feet in height. 

 East of Union City there are knolls 30 to 50 feet or more in height, with 

 intervening sags and sloughs. The knolls here occur both in the valley of 

 East French Creek and on the uplands to the north. About 2 miles north- 

 east of Union City, near the Beaver Dam road, there is a knoll about 75 feet 

 high which covers 8 or 1 acres. A short distance northeast from this knoll 

 the moraine crosses a high ridge, upon which its undulations range from 10 

 to 40 feet. North of Beaver Dam it crosses, in a southwest to northeast 

 direction, the valley of a small stream, presenting on its outer slope a bold 

 front, with knolls about 50 feet in height. On either side of the valley the 

 knolls are lower, but the moraine is well defined. This valley connects the 

 main French Creek with East French Creek, and the moraine determines 

 the water parting in it, the drainage north of the moi'aine being into French 

 Creek near Wattsburg, while that south is into East French Creek below 

 Beaver Dam, 



Fiom this valley northeastward into New York the moraine carries 

 many sharp nummocks, 10 to 25 feet in height, among which are small basins. 

 At the southwest corner of New York its altitude is fully 1,700 feet, but the 

 knolls are as numerous and sharp here as on lower lands in this vicinity. 



West of Clymers, N. Y., the moraine crosses an old valley that connects 

 French Creek with Big Brokenstraw, and here it determines the position of 



