6B8 GLACIAL FORMATIONS OF ERIE AND OHIO BASINS. 



determined by barometer from Eagle station. It is one of tlie highest 

 moraine-headed terraces in the eastern United States. 



The esker in southern Eagle Township stands on still higher ground, 

 its altitude being about 2,000 feet. It has a length of 1^ miles, a width of 

 200 feet or less, and a height of 8 to 10 feet. The southern terminus is 

 just north of the line of Wyoming and Allegany counties. The esker lies 

 near the north-to-south center road of Eagle Township, and for about a half 

 mile the road follows it. At the north end it consists of two converging 

 ridges, each of which starts in the plain north of the moraine. East of this 

 esker there is nearly plane-surfaced drift, while west of it, as above noted, 

 there is a strong moraine. 



It is nearly 2 miles from the south end of the esker to the point where 

 the moraine sets in again in strength. In this interval many bowlders and 

 an occasional knoll appear. In eastern Centerville and western Hume 

 townships, Allegany County, the moraine consists of sharp gravelly knolls 

 10 to 30 feet in height, among which small, deep basins are inclosed. The 

 slopes of the largest knolls are indented and carry basins. The moraine is 

 finely developed between Town and Cold creeks, and thence down Cold 

 Creek Valley to the Genesee. It comes out to the G-enesee on a drift bench 

 standing nearly 200 feet above the river. . This is somewhat below the 

 bench farther south which Fairchild has interpreted to mark deposition in 

 a glacial lake,^ but it may be a reduction of that bench. The drift bench 

 immediately west of Houghton station is by aneroid 1.360 feet above tide, 

 and is dotted with drift knolls 10 to 25 feet in height. 



The moraine which leads from near Machias eastward past Fairview 

 to the Genesee River at Caneadea is not, on the whole, so strong as the 

 moraine just described, and is more irregular in topography. 



West of Machias and also south of that village, along Ischua Creek, 

 the moraine carries many basins among the knolls. The knolls are gener- 

 ally 15 to 20 feet in height, though many are only 5 to 10 feet. There is 

 south of the moraine along Ischua Creek a well-defined terrace standing 

 about 60 feet above the stream, but it is doubtful if this terrace is a 

 correlative of the moraine, for the morainic knolls extend down below its 

 level, as if the terrace had been eroded before the moraine was formed. 

 This being true, the moraine seems to mark a readvance of the ice sheet; 



1 Glacial Genesee lakes, by H. L. Fairchild: Bull. Geol. Soc. America, Vol. VII, 1896, pp. 423-452, 

 especially pp. 436-438. 



