ALBION MORAINE. 705 



ineyular hills and knolls, three main divisions being easil}' recognized. The first 

 large group extends from Brighton to Monroe avenue. This group is subdivided by 

 a deep cut, the western mass being known as Cobbs Hill, with a sununit height of 

 663 feet above tide. The sag which was cut bj^ Monroe avenue originally had an 

 elevation of 560 feet. The second large group lies Ijetween Monroe avenue and a 

 sag or depression one-fourth of a mile west of South Clinton street (Pinnacle avenue). 

 This group is the most distinct and compact, and contains the highest point in the 

 whole range, called the "Pinnacle," which name has been extended to cover the whole 

 series of hills. The altitude of this summit is 749 feet, or about 240 feet above the 

 surrounding plain. The third group may be regarded as including all the western 

 part of the hill range, which is lower than the eastern part, much broader and less 

 definite. This includes in succession, westwardly, the knolls east of South Goodman 

 street; Highland Park, between Goodman street and South avenue; the " Warner 

 tract," tying between South and Mount Hope avenues; Mount Hope Cemetery, lying 

 west of Mount Hope avenue; and the low point running into a bend of the Genesee 

 River. The highest points in this area are the knoll on which is built the memorial 

 pavilion near the reservoir, 650 feet, and the summits in the cemetery, 650 to 670 feet. 



The eastern portion of the range consists of a series of overlapping ridges or 

 elongated mounds having their longest diameters parallel in general with the trend of 

 the range. Onlj^ at the "Pinnacle " is the cross section a single ridge, and this part 

 is better described as an elongated, irregular mound. The width of the belt at Cobbs 

 Hill is but little less than one-half mile, and here the crests of the southern and 

 northern series of ridges or mounds are but one-fourth mile apart. At South Good- 

 man street the two series of ridges are one-eighth of a mile apart. The western third 

 of the range, or the portion beyond South Goodman street, is very different, there 

 being, instead of east-west ridges, a broader irregular aggregation of mounds with a 

 larger number of inclosed basins. 



The crest line is very irregular, nowhere level for any distance, and varying 100 

 to 180 feet in height between the groups of hills. The northern slopes of the range 

 are irregular, with spurs, and hillocks and deep ravines, and over the eastern half of 

 the range are usually as steep as the material will rest, 25° to 30°. The southern 

 slopes are more smooth and uniform, commonly with gentle inclination to the southern 

 plain into which they blend. 



The irregularity of the hills is great in both longitudinal and transverse sections. 

 The only feature of evident system is the linear arrangement of the series, taken as 

 a whole. 



A striking feature which has not been sufficiently noted is the frequent occur- 

 rence of "kettle holes " and basins. A better example of mound and basin topography 

 might not be desired than is found in Mount Hope Cemetery. Beautiful examples 

 of "kettle holes" are seen here; also in the Warner tract; also east of South Good- 

 man street, and east of Cobbs Hill. The only ponds or swamps are found east of 

 South Goodman street, where one pond occurs, lying at the base of the hills, and one 

 large oval basin has been filled with peat to a depth of at least 6 feet. 



There is a small ridged and knolly drift tract on the inner border of the 

 moraine in the west part of Rochester to which Fairchild, in the paper just 



MON XLI 45 



