BEACHES OF LAKE MAUMEE. 737 



beach appears at the north border of the sand, at the level of the second 

 Manmee beach, about 190 feet above Lake Erie. The sand knolls may have 

 been drifted back from this beach by the wind, though it is barely possible 

 that they may represent the upper stage of Lake Maumee, whose level they 

 reach. In this connection it may be remarked that whether or not Lake 

 Maumee reached this far east at its highest stage, the streams and small 

 lakes held between the ice margin and the escarpment to the south are 

 likely to have stood about as high as the upper beach, and these may be 

 responsible for some of the sand deposits. The gravel beach has been 

 opened for road material in a field north of the Kingsville school building. 

 It extends as a well-defined gravel ridge for about 1 ^ miles west from Con- 

 neaut Creek at Kingsville. Upon crossing Conneaut Creek one finds the sec- 

 ond Maumee beach at intervals on the inner face of the Ashtabula moraine, 

 between there and the Ohio-Pennsylvania line. It is usually simply a wave- 

 washed surface without a definite ridge, but occasionally a gravel ridge 

 appears. Such a ridge was noted 3 miles west of the State line, but it is 

 there developed for a distance of only about 100 yards along the brow of a 

 cut bank which extends down to the level of the Belmore beach. A smooth 

 surface, apparently wave washed, extends back in that vicinity 100 to 200 

 yards or more from the brow of this cut bank. A more prominent ridge 

 was developed for a distance of about one-half mile in the vicinity of the 

 State line. Here also it is at the top of a cut bank back of the Belmore 

 beach. Its altitude as shown by the Grirard topographic sheet is above 760 

 feet. By aneroid it is 25 to 30 feet above the Belmore beach, or 770 to 

 775 feet above tide. The grading of the State line wagon road has exposed 

 the Maumee beach to a depth of 7 or 8 feet. The beach rises 5 to 6 feet 

 above a sag back of it, but within 100 yards south the Ashtabula moraine 

 sets in and rises above the level of the bank. 



From the Ohio-Pennsylvania line this gravel beach extends east about 

 one-fom'th of a mile. Sandy knolls and ridges then set in, which continue 

 east about a mile along or near the brow of a cut bank back of the Belmore 

 beach. They are 10 to 20 feet high and are confined to a strip a half mile 

 or less in width. The bank seems to be continued past West Springfield 

 station in low sandy ridges, some of which, just north of the station, have 

 been opened for molders' sand. The altitude here is 777 feet. 



Frohi West Springfield eastward to Girard this beach is more fragmen- 



MON XLI 4:7 



