320 REPORTS ON THE STATE OF SCIENCE.—1913. 
through lack of adequate means; but in most cases they have taken posts in schools 
or otherwise, and have subsequently returned to College to complete their course.’ 
(c) ‘The Principal and Registrar have at their disposal a small loan fund from 
which they make periodical grants to deserving students, free of interest.’ 
University CoLLEeGrE, BANGOR. 
I, Entrance Scholarships, 1 of 40/.; 1 of 30/.; Exhibitions, 1 of 20/.; 4 of 101., 
tenable in the first instance for three years, but may be extended for a fourth; and 
a number of limited Scholarships and Exhibitions, the highest of 30/., the longest 
tenure three years. 
II. ‘ No two College benefactions can be held together.’ 
III. No limit has hitherto been imposed. 
IV. We have no permanent endowment or benefaction for this purpose. ‘There 
is, however, a ‘ Loan Fund’ from which advances (repayable without interest) are 
made to students who are unable without such assistance to complete their courses. 
V. (a) We do not know of any case . . . great sacrifices are often made by the 
parents of students in order to enable their children to come to College, and in many 
cases friends in the locality from which a student comes render assistance. 
For the Bursaries, etc., at the Scottish Universities, see Parliamentary Paper 411, 
11 Dec. 1912. 
St, ANDREWS. 
I. The value of the Bursaries on entrance and their tenure, as given in the Parlia- 
mentary Paper, are from 6/. 10s. to 501. respectively, and their tenure varies from 
three to eight years. In addition to these, 7 Bursaries of 16/. 5s. to 30/., tenable for 
two or three years, and two in the fourth year of 20/. and 451. respectively, have been 
awarded. 
An additional entrance Scholarship of 30/. for four years has been founded for 
women students. As a rule, the Bursaries on entrance run only for three years, in 
a few cases for four; and 6 Scholarships of 80/. for 1 year, 4 of 502. for two years, 
and 5 of 50/. for one year, and one of 80/., tenable at Oxford or Cambridge, are not 
included in the White Paper (some are post-graduate). 
Il. Not as a general rule; but in the case of second-year Bursaries, they may 
be awarded to a student, notwithstanding he already holds a Bursary gained at en- 
trance. 
III. No general rule imposing a limit. The rule just quoted to some extent 
secures that there will be no undue accumulation of Bursaries in one person. As 
regards outside Bursaries over which the University has no control, the case is pro- 
vided for by a rule that no one shall be entitled to hold a Bursary in the University 
with any outside Bursary yielding an annual income greater than 30/., and tenable 
during a period of three years. The University authorities may at any time alter 
this regulation. 
IV. There is a small fund raised some years ago to enable Foundation Bursaries 
to be supplemented. Two other funds left to the University without any reservation 
may be devoted to the augmentation of existing Bursaries. 
I do not remember any case, however, where money from any of these sources 
has been drawn upon for the complete maintenance of any student. Of course, in 
Scotland, the existence of the Carnegie Fund Trust for the Universities of Scotland, 
which up till recently practically paid the class fees due by a student qualified to 
obtain that benefit, forms a considerable supplement to the Bursary Fund. Students 
may have their fees paid and hold a Bursary of from 15l. to 401. a year, in which case 
the latter source of income provides for their maintenance. 
V. (a) Ido not recollect such a case within my experience. Of course, the cases 
are numerous in which candidates who were relying on assistance from the Bursary 
Funds have been obliged, owing to their failure to obtain a Bursary or to some 
other financial casualty, to defer entering the University, or to leave the University 
midway in their career. No statistics and no definite note has been kept of such 
cases. I do not think that in the case of a student of exceptional ability it could 
easily occur. 
(c) The University is enabled, out of a fund made up of the income from Bursaries 
which from various causes have lapsed, to provide for the encouragement of students 
of small means where they are known to have merit; and that more particularly 
where, having struggled on through the curriculum for an ordinary degree, the student 
