620 TRANSACTIONS OF SECTION H. 
Survey of the United Kingdom, in order to test the foundation for fears, then 
widely expressed, as to the physical deterioration of the population. In 1909 
the Institute sent a second deputation to the present Government, to urge the 
need for the official training in anthropology of candidates for the Consular 
Service and of the Indian and Colonial Civil Services. There is happily every 
reason to hope that the Public Services Commission may act on the recommenda- 
tions then made. This year (1913) the Institute returned to the charge and 
approached the Secretary of State for India, with a view to making anthropology 
an integral feature of the studies of the Oriental Research Institute, to the 
establishment of which the Government of India had officially proposed to give 
specia] attention. The Institute has also lately arranged to deal with all ques- 
tions of scientific import that may come before the newly constituted Bureau of 
Ethnology at the Royal Colonial Institute, in the hope with its co-operation of 
eventually establishing a great desideratum—an Imperial Bureau of Ethnology. 
It has further had in hand a scheme for the systematic and thorough distribu- 
tion of local correspondents throughout the world. 
At Oxford, anthropology as a serious study was recognised by the appoint- 
ment, in 1884, of a Reader, who was afterwards given the status of a Professor. 
In 1885, it was admitted as a special subject in the Final Honours School of 
Natural Science. In 1904, a memorandum was drawn up by those interested in 
the study at the University, advocating a method of systematic training in it, 
which resulted in the formation of the Committee of Anthropology in the 
following year. ‘his Committee has established a series of lectures and 
examinations for a diploma, which can be taken as part of the degree course, 
but is open to all officers of the public services as well. By these means a 
School of Anthropology has been created at Oxford, which has already 
registered many students, among whom officers engaged in the administration 
of the British Colonies in Africa and members of the Indian Civil Service have 
been included. The whole question has been systematically taken up in all its 
aspects, the instruction, formal and informal, comprising physical anthropology, 
psychology, geographical distribution, prehistoric archeology, technology, 
sociology, and philology. 
At Cambridge, in 1893, there was a recognised Lecturer in Physical 
Anthropology, an informal office now represented by a Lecturer in Physical 
Anthropology and a Reader in Ethnology, regularly appointed by the University. 
In 1904, as a result of an expedition to Torres Straits, a Board of Anthropo- 
logical Studies was formed, and a Diploma in Anthropology instituted, to be 
granted, not for success in examinations, but in recognition of meritorious 
personal research. At the same time, in order to help students, among whom 
were included officials in the African and Indian Civil Services, the Board 
established lectures on the same subjects as those taught at Oxford. This year, 
1913, the University has instituted an Anthropological Tripos for its Degrees 
on lines similar to the others. The distinguishing feature of the Cambridge 
system is the prominence given to field work, and this is attracting foreign 
students of all sorts. 
In 1909, joint representations were made by a deputation from the Univer- 
sities of Oxford and Cambridge to both the India and Colonial Offices, 
advocating the training of Civil Service candidates and probationers in ethnology 
and primitive religion. 
In 1904, the generosity of a private individual established a Lectureship 
in Ethnology in connection with the University of London, which has since 
developed into a Professorship of Ethnology with a Lectureship in Physical 
Anthropology. In the same year the same benefactor instituted a Chair of 
Sociology. In 1909 the University established a Board of Anthropology, and 
the subject is now included in the curricula for the Degrees of the University. 
In and after 1914, Anthropology will be a branch of the Science Honours 
Degree. The Degree course of the future covers both physical and cultural 
anthropology in regard to zoology, paleontology, physiology, psychology, 
archeology, technology, sociology, linguistics and ethnology. There will also be 
courses in ethnology with special attention to field work for officials and mission- 
aries, and it is interesting to note that students of Egyptology are already taking 
a course of lectures in ethnology and physical anthropology. 
