ON THE TY NEWYDD CAVES. 411 
The scheme appended represents the order of events we have here 
sketched out in two parallel columns, the first representing some of the 
results obtained by Dr. Hicks at Ffynnon Beuno and Cae Gwyn; the 
second, the order of succession shown by our present exploration :— 
Ffynnon Bewno, Se. Ty Newydd, Se. 
‘ Local gravel, with a few waterworn fossils. 
B, Animals and man. 
C. Stalagmite floor over bones, Stalagmite floor formed over gravel, 
which are in sand. some sand introduced. 
Q) Floor broken through, redeposited 
with sand. Stones striated. 
E. Great disturbance, floor broken, Roof broken, blocks of limestone 
fossil redeposited in clay. packed in clay. 
2 Laminated clayey sand to sandy clay. 
FA. Sandy clay with marine shells. — 
A Boulder clay, with Northern and Western erratics. 
Canadian Pleistocene Flora and Fauna.—Report of the Convmittee, 
consisting of Sir J. W. Dawson (Chairman), Professor D. P. 
Pennatiow, Dr. Ami, Mr. G. W. Lampiuau, and Professor A. P. 
Cotman (Secretary), reappointed to continue the investigation of 
the Canadian Pleistocene Flora and Fauna. 
In last year’s report of this Committee the results obtained from excava- 
tions in the Don Valley, Toronto, and from three wells or shafts sunk at 
or near the foot of Scarborough Heights, east of the city, were given in 
some detail. The Scarborough shafts were intended to determine whether 
the warm climate beds of the Don Valley underlie the cold climate beds 
of Scarborough, and whether the whole series is interglacial ; and the 
results of the work done made it very probable that both questions should 
be answered in the affirmative. But the coming in of water from Lake 
Ontario put a stop to the work before solid rock (Hudson shale of the 
Cambro-Silurian) was reached, and so prevented the positive proofs desired. 
As it was of great interest either to prove finally or to disprove the 
interglacial character of the great series of beds referred to, the sum of 
30/. was granted at the Bristol meeting to carry the work farther, if 
possible to a conclusion. At the desire of the Chairman of the Committee, 
51. of the grant were devoted to the examination of Pleistocene beds of 
the Ottawa Valley, the work to be reported on by Dr. Ami. 25/. were 
therefore available for work near Toronto, and more than this amount has 
been expended in the sinking of shafts intended to settle the questions 
referred to above. 
As last year’s work had been rendered unsatisfactory through the 
incoming of water, it was decided to choose a new point for work near 
the river Don, where it was known that the Hudson shale rises above the 
river, so that good drainage might be looked for. It was also known 
that the Don beds are well shown in this region, since they are admirably 
exposed at Taylor's brickyard ; but at the latter point the Scarborough 
clays, cold climate beds, are only doubtfully found to a thickness of from 
8 to 13 feet. As characteristic Scarborough peaty clay had been traced 
at points some distance north of the brickyard, it was decided to begin a 
