ON THE ETHNOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA, 499 
APPENDIX I. 
Early French Settlers in Canada. By B. Sure. 
Leaving aside the men engaged in the fur trade, and who did not 
adopt the colony as their home, we find that only 122 actual settlers or 
heads of families arrived in Canada during the period of 1608-1645. 
Nine-tenths of these men have numerous descendants still amongst 
us. In this respect Canada is far ahead of any colony. The New England 
States can hardly name twenty families coming from their first stock, 
that is before 1645, although their immigration was five times at least 
larger than ours. 
There was no special organisation for recruiting in France. 
Nearly every one of these 122 men married just before leaving for 
Canada or soon after their arrival in the colony. They all belonged to 
that class of people devoted altogether to agriculture, such as grains, hay, 
oats, vegetables, hemp, flax. They understood thoroughly well the work 
of felling trees and clearing land, because the provinces they came from 
were of good soil, but not adapted for fruits and vine, nor fit for pasturage 
on a large scale. 
Eighty-four men arrived from 1634 to 1641, nineteen only from 1642 
to 1645, probably on account of the raids by the Iroquois. 
From 1608 to 1645 Normandy sent 38, Perche 27, Paris 5, Beauce 4, 
Picardy 3, Maine 3, Brie 3, or a total of 83 from the north of the river 
Loire to the English Channel. 
The married women numbered 119, out of which 68 were from the 
north of the Loire; Perche 24, Normandy 23, Paris 10, Picardy 7, 
Anjou 2, Beauce 2. 
Women whose provinces are not known number thirty, but it would 
seem they were also from the north, and had followed their parents and 
relatives. Therefore the eighty-two ' married men enumerated in the list 
as coming from the north were equalled by the same number of married 
women from the same region, whether the wedding took place in France 
or in Canada. 
Five women born in Canada married in the colony before 1645: three 
of them became widows and remarried. Three women born in France, 
and who had arrived with their husbands, became widows, and remarried 
during that period. Girls thirteen or fourteen years old married young 
men newly settled. 
The women from Champagne, Auvergne, Saintonge, Rochelle, and 
Poitou are nine in all, with eleven men from these same parts. Besides 
this Brittany furnished 2 men, Lorraine 1, Nivernais 1, Forez 1. They 
undoubtedly came by themselves, like those of the north. 
The proportion is about the same of men and women whose places of 
origin are not indicated, a sixth of the total immigration. 
1 Including one widower and two bachelors. 
