500 REPORT—1899. 
APPENDIX II. 
Notes on the N’tlaka'pamue of British Columbia, a Branch of the great 
Salish Stock of North America. By C. Hiuu-Tovr. 
The following notes on the N’tlaka’/pamug are a summary of the 
writer’s studies of this division of the Salish of British Columbia. They 
treat to some extent of the ethnography, archeology, language, social 
customs, folklore, &c., of this tribe, recording much, it is believed, not 
hitherto gathered or published. For my folklore, ethnography, and 
social customs notes I am chiefly indebted to Chief Mischelle, of Lytton, 
than whom there is probably no better informed man in the whole tribe. 
Ethnography. 
The N’tlaka’pamug is one of the most interesting of the five groups 
into which the interior Salish of British Columbia are divided, They 
dwell along the banks of the Fraser between Spuzzum and Lillooet, and 
on the Thompson from its mouth to the boundaries of the Sxquapmua, 
and have also some half-score villagers in the Nicola valley. They 
possess altogether some sixty-two villages throughout this area : eleven on 
the Thompson, nine in the Nicola valley, eleven on the Fraser above 
Lytton (Tlk-umtci’n)—their headquarters from time immemorial—and 
thirty-one below. These are respectively :-— 
THOMPSON RIVER. 
1. Tlk-umtci’n, present Lytton, meaning 8. Cpa’ptsEn, from Spa‘tzin = Aselepias, 
unknown. or great milkweed, from ~ which 
2. N’kau’men, meaning unknown. natives make their thread, string, 
3. N’hai/ikEn, 3 5 nets, &c. Place where ‘Spa/tzin’ 
4, N’kum'tcin, Spence’s Bridge, mean- grows. 
ing unknown. 9. C’npa’, barren or bare place. 
5. N’koakoaé’tko, yellow water. 10. Sklale, place where the Indians 
6. Pimdi’nis, grassy hills. secured a certain mineral earth 
7. ’P’kai'st, white rock (contracted from with which they covered the face 
St’pek = white). to prevent it from chapping. 
11. N’tai’kum, muddy water. 
NIcoLA VALLEY. 
1, Klakli’ok, a slide. 6. N’cickt, little canon. 
2. Caokuna, a stony place. 7. Zogkt. 
3. N’hothotko’as, place of many holes. 8. Koiltca’na. 
4, Koaskuna’. 9, S'tcukosh, red place (?), 
5, Cult’c, open face (cf. radical for 
face). 
ON FRASER ABOVE LYTTON. 
1. N’homi'n, 8. N’cék’p’t, destroyed (refers to the 
2. Stain, Stain Creek. incidents of a story). 
3. N’okoié’kEn. 9. TcEté’q. 
4, Yuo't. 10. TsuzEl, palisaded enclosure contain- 
5. S'tcaékEn. ing houses. 
6. N’k pan, deep. 11. Skaikai’Eten. 
7. N’ta'-ko, bad water. 
ON FRASER BELOW LYTTON. 
1. Spapi’um, level grassy land (river 2. N’kai’a. 
bench opposite Lytton). 3. Sk-apa, sandy land, 
