——— es rT 
THE ANTHROPOLOGY AND NATURAL HISTORY OF TORRES STRAITS. 585 
The Anthropology and Natural History of Torres Straits. Report of 
the Uommittee, consisting of Sir WiLLIAM TuRNER (Chairman), 
Professor A. C. Happon (Seeretury), Sir MicHaeL Foster, Dr. J. 
Scott Kerutie, Professor L. C. Mian, and Professor MaRsHALL 
Warp. 
APPENDIX TAGE 
I.— Notes on the Yaraihanna Tribe, Cape York, Queensland. By Dy. A. C. 
HADDON . . c . : : - : z : ‘ . 585 
Il.— Contributions to Comparative Psychology from Torres Straits and 
New Guinea. By Dr. W. H. R. Rivers, C. 8. MyERs, and W. 
McDouGALL . : . : ; : ‘ © - ; . 586 
Ill.— Linguistic Results. By SIDNEY H. Ray. F : - - . 589 
1V.—Sceclusion of Girls at Mabuiag, Torres Straits. By C.G.SELIGMANN . 590 
V.—Notes on the Club Houses and Dubus of British New Guinea. By C.G. 
SELIGMANN : ’ : : . . : : 2 : . 591 
VI.—Wotes on Savage Music. By ©.S. MYERS . ; : : . 591 
A brief account of the work of the expedition has been published in 
the Journal of the Royal Geographical Society (September, 1899, p. 302), 
and a more detailed one, giving a number of anthropometrical results, was 
published in Watwre (August 31, 1899, p. 413). These may be taken as 
the official Report of the Expedition. 
The following abstracts of papers are samples of some of the work 
accomplished. 
All the results of the Expedition will be duly published by the Uni- 
versity of Cambridge in a series of memoirs, 
APPENDIX. 
I. Notes on the Yaraikanna Tribe, Cape York, North Queensland. 
By Dr. A. C. Happon, FBS. 
The Yaraikanna are fairly typical Australians in appearance; six men were 
measured, average height 1:625 m. (6 ft. 4in.), cephalic index 74:7 (extremes, 
72'4-77'7). A lad is initiated by his mawara, apparently the men of the clan 
into which the boy must subsequently marry; he is anointed with ‘ bush-medicine’ 
in the hollow of the thighs, groins, hollow by the clavicles, temples, and back of 
knees to make him grow—the bull-roarer is swung. Inthe Yampa ceremony the 
initiates (/anga) sit behind a screen in front of which is a tall pole, up which a man 
climbs and catches the food thrown to him by the relatives of the langa. Then 
the bull-roarer is swung and shown to the langa; lastly, a front tooth of the langa 
is knocked out, with each blow the name of a ‘land’ belonging to the boy’s mother 
or of her father is mentioned, and the land, the name of which is mentioned when 
the tooth flies out, is the territory of the lad. Water is next given to the boy, 
who rinses out his mouth and gently empties his mouth into a palm-leaf water 
vessel ; the clot by its resemblance to some animal or vegetable form determines 
the art of the lad. The ari appears to be analogous to the manitu or okkt (or 
‘ individual totem’ of Frazer) of the North American Indians. After the ceremony 
the boy is acknowledged to be a man. Other a7 may be given at any time by 
men who dream of an animal or plant, which is the arz of the first person they 
meet on awakening. The Okara ceremony was alluded to, and various customs, 
among which may be noted, children must take the ‘land’ or ‘country’ of their 
mother, a wife must be taken from another country, all who belong to the same 
place are brothers and sisters, 
