34 BULLETIN OF THE 
fusiform spicula, mostly with one end turned outward and projecting from the 
surface of the coonenchyma in the form of slender, sharp points or spinules, 
giving the surface a very rough appearance. Calicles elongated, relatively 
large, mostly slightly constricted toward the summit, which is considerably 
enlarged and armed by numerous slender, very sharp, divergent spicula, which 
form eight clusters. Sides of the calicles with eight ribs, and covered with 
long, slender, very acute spicula, many of which have the sharp tips projecting 
from the surface, especially toward the base and along the ribs. 
Height, 55 mm. ; breadth, about 25 mm. ; length of the larger calicles, about 
3mm. ; diameter, about 1 mm. 
Taken off Havana, in 270 fathoms, by the “ Bache,” in 1867. 
Acanthogorgia muricata VeErRRILL, sp. nov. 
Coral moderately slender, flabellate. The stem usually divides, not far 
from the base, into several principal branches, which diverge widely at first and 
then ascend nearly vertically ; these give off numerous lateral branches, which 
often diverge nearly at right angles, many of them again subdividing in a sim- 
ilar manner. Axis yellowish brown, strongly striated. Ccnenchyma thin, 
grayish white in alcoholic specimens, and having a loose granulous appearance, 
composed of small, rough, irregular, and rather large, very roughly warted or 
spinulose fusiform spicula; many of the latter are crooked and are placed at 
all angles, but do not have projecting ends. The calicles are elongated, cylin- 
drical, or somewhat expanded at the summit, and armed by about eight very 
long slender, sharp, projecting, and divergent spicula, the projecting part being 
usually more than two thirds the length of the calicle. Sides of the calicles 
covered with rather slender, elongated, warty, fusiform spicula, many of which 
are strongly curved ; and these are arranged so as to form eight longitudinal 
ridges ; the ends of some of the spicula frequently project from the surface, 
toward the summit. 
Height of an ordinary specimen, about 175 mm. ; breadth, about 100 mm. ; 
length of the calicles, mostly about 3 mm. ; diameter, 1 mm. 
Taken at station 272, in 76 fathoms, off Barbados, by the Blake, in 1878-79, 
and in several other localities in the same region. 
This species is closely related to Acanthogorgia armata, but is more slender 
and has smaller and less prominent calicles, which are armed with longer and 
more acute spicula. The spicula of the eeenenchyma are also different in form. 
It differs from A. aspera in not having the calicles and ccenenchyma hispid 
with slender spines. 
Paramuricea Koiiixer. 
Icones Histiol., I., 1865, p. 186. (Type, P. placomus.) 
Coral variously branched, often large. Ccoenenchyma usually thick, filled 
with rongh, fusiform, oblong, and irregular spicula, some of which often pro- 
aanghiees dae ee 
