36 BULLETIN OF THE 
Within the margin there are several transverse or circular rows of long, slender, 
pretty regularly curved, or bow-shaped, warty spicula, which surround the upper 
or marginal part of the partially retracted polyps, at the bases of the tentacles, 
which are themselves strengthened externally by two convergent rows of simi- 
lar, but less curved spicula, so arranged as to form eight convergent A -shaped 
groups over the contracted and incurved tentacles. 
The ceenenchyma is thin, not at all spinose, and filled with small, very irreg- 
ular, rough spicula, many of which are crooked ; these spicula give the sur- 
face a rather finely and roughly granulous appearance under a lens. The axis 
is slender, soft and dark brown, and shrinks much when dried. 
In life the color is light orange or salmon. In alcohol it becomes dark gray- 
ish brown or umber-brown. When dried the color is often dark brown or 
nearly black. 
One of the larger specimens is 280 mm. (about 11 inches) high; breadth, 
90 mm. ; diameter of main stem, 3 mm.; of branchlets, 1 to 1,5 mm. ; of 
ealicles,; 1mm. The variety with stouter branches has branchlets 2 to 4 mm. 
in diameter, including the calicles. 
The large spicula around the edge of the calicles (Fig. 5 a, c, d, e) have a 
large, broad, flat, variously and deeply lacerately lobed and incised, imbedded 
basal portion, and a rather short, moderately stout, acute, somewhat rough or 
warty terminal portion, which projects from the surface. The basal portion is 
frequently longer than the point, and often broader than long; it is palmately 
divided into three to six, or more, irregular main divisions, which are very 
unequal in size and breadth, and variously subdivided and lobed ; some of the 
lobes may be broad, and others narrow, some acute, and others truncated or 
obtuse, and not unfrequently they coalesce, enclosing irregular openings. 
Some of these spicula measure 1.14 by .57, .95 by .38, .84 by .61, .82 by .48, 
-76 by .66, .76 by .32, .66 by .28, .61 by .32, .57 by .48, .57 by .32 mm. 
With these are other smaller, rudely oblong, flat spicules (Fig. 5a, g), which 
have no projecting point, or only a very short one, but are rudely and strongly 
lobed, along the sides and at one or* both ends, the lobes being more or less 
sharp, rough and incised. These are variable in size ; some are .76 by .38, .52 
by .34, 50 by .16 mm. 
Just inside the margin of the calicles there are several transverse or circular 
rows of long, slender, roughly warted spicules (Fig. 5a, f), tapering and acute 
at both ends, and curved in the middle ; these form a continuous band gr ring 
around the base of the free part of the polyps. The larger of these measure 
1.28 by .06, 1.05 by .095, 1.05 by .06, .82 by .07, .82 by .05 mm. Above these 
there are eight convergent, triangular or A -shaped groups of similar long, fusi- 
form, warty, mostly crooked spicules, but they are not so strongly nor so regu- 
larly curved, the bend being usually nearer the proximal end ; these correspond 
with the stems of the eight tentacles ; some of them are divided at the base 
into two lobes or rough branches. The larger of these measure 1.24 by .07, 
1.08 by .08, 1.01 by .07, .95 by .07, .86 by .08 mm. ; one of the long ones 
with forked base is 1.05 by .06 mm. 
