TRANSACTIONS OF SECTION E. 449 
In Queensland a generally lower summit of the plateau, and an increase in 
temperature owing to the more northerly position of the range, permit the 
western or dry influence to cross the mountains in various places, and allow many 
interior types of plants to thrive on the eastern watershed, while the moist- 
loving or coastal brush plants are excluded from these invaded areas. This 
invasion occurs in the Goulburn River valley near Cassilis in New South Wales, 
and at such places in Queensland as between Toowoomba and Brisbane, between 
Jericho and Rockhampton, and at other points. Where such a mountain passage 
occurs the moist-loving eastern flora in no case passes through to the west, 
but in certain instances arrives there by other agencies, and finds congenial 
surroundings on secluded portions of elevations protected from the west. 
The absence of a high range extending along behind the coastal belt in 
Northern Australia is considered to largely account for the absence of rainfall 
in that locality during the winter months, and for the sparseness of the brush 
or jungle vegetation. 
The observations in regard to the effects of topography on the native flora 
indicate that the rainfall and climate in Eastern Australia are very largely 
regulated by the physiographic features, and the vegetation, after allowing 
for differences of soils, is chiefly the result of rainfall and climate. It would 
therefore appear that the removal of the forests would not result in a greatly 
reduced rainfall, but would probably decrease the number of damp days. 
3. A Recently Discovered MS. by James Coox. By H. Yuin 
OupuaM, M.A. 
4. The Coast of New Caledonia. By Professor W. M. Davis. 
5. Southern Alaska and the Klondyke. By Professor Enwoop 5. 
Moore. 
6. Australia: ils Discovery as evidenced by Ancient Charts. 
By Guo, Coutainaripce, Corresponding Member of R.G.S.A., &c. 
1. Early voyages by the Portuguese and Spaniards in Australasian waters, 
made between the years 1511-36, but not recorded. 
Reasons for not recording said voyages. 
. Australia named Java Mayor. 
Discovery, by author, of Portuguese legend on Dauphin Chart. 
Reasons for distorting charts. 
Western Coasts of Australia discovered by the Portuguese. 
Eastern Coasts of Australia discovered by the Spaniards, 
. Main features of discovery. 
oN aoe ok 
TUESDAY, AUGUST 25. 
Joint Discussion with Sections C, D, and K on Past and Present Rela- 
lions of Antarctica in their Biological, Geographical, and Geological 
Aspects.—See p. 409. ; 
The following Papers were then read :— 
1. Geodetic Surveying in New South Wales and some Results. 
By T. F. Furser, F.R.A.S., &c., Director of Trigonometrical Surveys, 
New South Wales. 
The above Paper describes in general terms the limits reached up to the 
present by the Trigonometrical Survey of the State named, the methods fol- 
1914. GG 
