TRANSACTIONS OF SECTION F, 489 
the need of efficiency is obvious, but in addition production should be directly 
yielding in satisfaction and be responsive to demand, From these desiderata 
important practical corollaries can be deduced. Two maxims of distribution 
can be laid down—the one leading to distribution according to needs, and the 
other to distribution according to productive value. They appear to conflict, but 
analysis of fundamental ideas seems to show that their harmony is not inherently 
impossible. In consumption or demand the ideal is easily stated, but the 
reform of demand has hitherto proved itself a remarkably intractable problem. 
‘Individualising ’ betterment is of great value, but massive results can only 
be attained when it is aided by a suitable environment and measures calculated 
to mould class ideas. Socialism and Individualism, as commonly understood 
to-day, relate mainly to means. Advocates of both may agree as to ends; and to 
attain this agreement would save endless futilities in discussion and action. 
