TRANSACTIONS OF SECTION I. 547 
The foliowing Papers and Reports were then read :— 
1. The Mammary Gland. By Professor Sir Epwarp Souirer, F.R.S. 
2. The Physiology of Cerebro-Spinal Fluid. By Professor W. BE. 
Dixon, F.R.S., and Professor W. D. Hatuipurton, F.R.S. 
3. Pseudo-Motor Action and Recurrent Sensibility. 
By Professor W. A. OsBorne. 
(1) If the hypoglossal nerve is cut and some days afterwards stimulation 
is applied to the distal end of the freshly cut lingual, a motor response in the 
tongue muscles is obtained. This frequently described pseudo-motor action can 
be readily demonstrated. Attempts have been made in the present research 
to obtain this response in other regions such as the facial muscles innervated by 
branches of V. and VII., but without success. Occasionally in man there is a 
moderately thick connecting loop between the lingual and hypoglossal. This 
is described as normal in the anatomy of the horse and dog, but numerous dis- 
sections have failed to give one instance, so that histological examination is 
unfortunately lacking. : 
(2) Stimulation of the distal faciai nerve may give rise to reflex responses 
including rise of blood-pressure. This effect is obtained only very seldom. 
When given it can be shown to be due to sensory impulses arising in the tense 
fibres of the contracting facial muscles. It vanishes on very light curarisation, 
and cannot, therefore, be due to a definite union between facial and trigeminal 
fibres. 
4. Ceniral Neurai Response to Peripheral Neural Distortion. 
By Professor W. A. Osporne and Basm Kinvincton, M.S. 
When two nerve-trunks such as the popliteals are crossed the co-ordination 
is rapidly learned after regeneration has set in. We’ haye shown that the 
central changes required in the new conducting mechanism are well established 
even in the lowest levels of the central nervous system. We have also shown 
that if there is considerable axon bifurcation in the peripheral nerve-trunks, and 
if fibres of the same neuron traverse antagonistic routes (e.g., flexor and 
extensor), good co-ordination is not acquired. In our latest experiments the 
central phrenic on one side was sutured to a distal cord of the brachial plexus. 
When regeneration occurred a restricted portion of the scapular muscles was 
seen to be rhythmically excited in synchronism with the diaphragm. The action 
of the contracting fibres on the limb was very slight, producing in the 
anesthetised animal a just detectable abduction. 
In eleven months’ time no change could be observed in the amount of move- 
ment of the affected muscular fibres. Support and progression had never been 
interfered with, and presumably for this reason co-ordination was not acquired. 
The operation gave an interesting method for observing inhibition in a restricted 
number of muscular fibres. During expiration the exposed surface of the 
affected portion of the deltoid was seen to bulge slightly through pressure of 
adjacent tonic fibres. During asphyxia the visible contracting area enlarged, 
encroaching upon portions of muscle surface not previously affected. 
5. Evidence of Co-ordinate Action in the Circulatory System. 
By EB. H. Emsrey, M.D. 
Firstly, the results of experiment upon venous pressures appear to indicate 
a nervous mechanism controlling venous tension. Secondly, with certain 
exceptions cardiac and venous innervations seem to be co-ordinated—the cardiac 
vagi with the venous constrictors, and the cardiac accelerators with the venous 
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