TRANSACTIONS OF SECTION M. 653 
Remarks on Suction Machines. 
The results obtained with these machines depend, firstly, on the defects in 
the machines themselves, and, secondly, on the care and skill of the operator. It 
was not always possible to differentiate between these, but the following instance 
may be given as indicating the effect of want of care in this direction. 
A (average bacteriological count 3,103 per c.c.) compared with D (average 
bacteriological count 1,579 per c.c.). 
A was a better machine but not so well cleansed. 
Again, if we consider four of the suction machines in all of which reasonable 
care was taken in the cleansing, we find that the average count varied from about 
2,000 to about 4,000 organisms per c.c. On the other hand, the two machines in 
which the cleansing was undoubtedly indifferent had average counts of 41,419 
and 12,384. The bacterial content in the machine giving 12,384 was mainly due 
to inefficient cleansing of the machine. In the machine giving 41,419, insufficient 
cleansing, excessive length of rubber tubing, and leakages contributed to the 
high count. 
It appears, therefore, that suction machines, as exhibited in this trial, 
depended to an unreasonable extent on the personal equation, and demanded an 
amount of intelligence that cannot be expected from the average cow-man. 
The results seem to indicate that some type of pressure machine milking 
directly into a covered can might give the most effective bacteriological results 
in the hands of an ordinary worker. 
The suction machines with their tubing and fittings require a cleansing 
between each milking, which almost amounts to bacteriological sterilisation, if 
really good results are to be obtained. The absence of the means to effect this 
on many farms, and the lack of training in those who have to perform the work, 
render a plea for the simplification of the machine specially cogent. 
4. The Results of Milk and Dairy Supervision in Victoria, 
By Dr. 8. S. Camsron. 
5. Milk and Butter Records of Pure-bred Cows in Australia, with 
Special Reference to the Australian Breed of Milking Shorthorns. 
By M. A. O’CanuacHan. 
This paper showed what the Government of New South Wales and the 
breeders of pure-bred dairy cattle are doing towards obtaining the records of all 
pure-bred cows in the State. 
Records were given for Australian dairy shorthorns, and also a brief history 
of the formation of this breed. 
Records were also given for Jerseys and Guernseys. 
Climate and Food Conditions in relation to Composition of Milk. 
The question of the effect of extreme periods of drought during which time 
cows receive no green food was referred to as affecting the solids not fat in milk. 
The question was also raised as to the effect on the percentage of fat in milk of 
almost continual sunshine and absence of rainy weather coupled with good food 
eam such as prevail on the irrigated lands of Yanco district, New South 
ales. 
Milk and Butter Records. ; 
Shorthorns (Australian type). Pa a 
‘Melka ITI.’ for 9 months = , B : : : 585 13,818 
as lie 55 3 3 3 : . 653 15,238 
‘Champion III.’., 9 ,, F 5 5 E ‘ E 563 10,299 
33 Oe as, ee eee i ; F 574 10,500 
‘Camelia II.’ ,, 9 ,, : E ; : 2 446 10,366 
Hise RD ern : : : : : ; 524 12,039 
‘ Lily III.’ Bot Oib7);, : : PAT ie . 680 14,742 
3 7a ee Spat ee GRO 17,599 
