238 REPORTS ON THE STATE OF SCIENCE. — 1915. 



A millimetre scale may be substituted for the percentage scale. The 

 percentage of specular brightness at 45°, when the pointer is 

 X millimetres from the middle of the scale, is then given by 



s=200La;/(iL+a;)^ 



Report of the Coinmittee, consisting of Sir Henry Miers (Chair- 

 man), Professor Marcus Hartog (Secretary), Miss Lilian J. 

 Clarke, Miss B. Foxlby, Professor H. Bompas Smith, and 

 Principal Griffiths, appointed to inquire into and report 

 on the number, distribution, and respective values of 

 Scholarships, Exhibitions, and Bursaries held by University 

 students during their undergraduate course, and on funds 

 private and open available for their augmentation. 



The Committee has limited its work during the present year to the 

 application for information to those institutions that had not sent 

 answers to the questionary last year, and to obtaining revision of the 

 compilation they had made from last year's answers from those 

 who had then replied. The complete set of answers thus obtained are 

 now to be found in Appendix I. Appendix II. is reprinted. 



As the Board of Education is now engaged on a wide inquiry which 

 covers the ground of your Committee, we have not thought it desirable 

 to extend our inquiries further. 



The information now obtained shows very clearly that the amounts 

 allowed for scholarships can, in the immense majority of cases, be 

 adequate for their beneficiaries to reap the full advantages of academic 

 education only when they have friends or relations to assist them. 

 This is most clearly shown by the reports from Oxford and Cambridge, 

 where, thanks to the tutorial system, the authorities are in closer 

 touch with the students than at newer institutions. A glance at the 

 figures is enough to demonstrate this. 



In Great Britain the figures are somewhat inadequate; for many 

 of the students enjoy benefits either from the Carnegie Fund or from 

 local scholarships of which no account is taken by the colleges. In 

 the colleges of the National University of Ireland there is a hard-and- 

 fast rule that the county or municipal scholarships are not tenable 

 with full college ones. We feel that there exists a need for greater 

 elasticity in this respect, notably in the cases of exceptional merit, 

 where it is especially desirable that the student should gain all that is 

 to be gained from University life. 



We realise that while scholarships have one great function, that 

 of enlarging the social area from which the supply of the learned pro- 

 fessions is drawn, it would be well if funds were provided for private 

 administration by the head of a college to meet the cases of brilliant 

 students in need of further help. This might be from special funds or 

 from the private liberality of patrons : both provisions exist at the 

 older Universities, the patrons in the latter case being old members 

 of the college. In our newer Universities, we venture to think that 

 wealthy citizens, proud of their own local college, might he willing 



i 



