TRANSACTIONS OF SECTION F. 



505 



5. 



Terms of Reference. 

 The terms of reference were to investigate into : — 



The replacement of men by women in industries during the War. 



The permanent effects of this after the War. 



The character of re-employment with respect to changes of tastes and 

 physique amongst those who have served with the Forces and are dis- 

 banded. 



The means by which consequent unemployment may be counteracted or 

 minimised. 



The possibility of employing disbanded men on the land. 



It was decided that the best method of dealing with the first two terms of 

 this reference would be to investigate those industries in which the extra 

 employment of women since the War has been most marked, as well as those 

 industries in which there were possibilities of an extension of women's work, 

 with special reference to those trades localised in the London, Manchester, 

 Leeds, and Birmingham districts. The inquiry was commenced in the beginning 

 of June 1915. 



For the work, other than in the Birmingham district, through Mr. J. St. G. 

 Heath, who acted as Hon. Secretary, the co-operation of a Sub-Committee under 

 the chairmanship of Professor L. T. Hobhouse, working at the London School 

 of Economics and Toynbee Hall, was secured. This Sub-Committee appointed 

 Mr. E. F. Hitchcock as Secretary, and they wish here to express the debt 

 which they owe to him for his labours ; not only was he responsible for the 

 work of organising this part of inquiry, but in addition he prepared the first 

 draft of their Report. The investigators and members of the Sub-Committee 

 were : 



Suh -Committee. 



Professor L. T. Hobhouse. 

 •Miss E. B. Ashford. 

 *Miss D. Austin. 

 •Miss M. E. Bulkley. 

 •Miss M. Cross. 

 •Mrs. B. Drake. 

 •Miss E. Dunlop. 

 •Miss A. C. Franklin. 

 •Mr. F. H. Hamnett. 



Mr. J. St. G. Heath. 

 •Mr. E. F. Hitchcock. 

 •Mrs. F. W. Hubback. 



Miss B. L. Hutchins. 

 •Miss B. Keen. 



• Professor A. W. Kirkaldy. 

 Mr. J. J. Mallon. 



* Miss Moses. 



Mrs. Pember Reeves 

 •Mr. A. Robinson. 

 •Miss M. Stettauer. 



Miss L. Wyatt Papworth. 

 *Miss N. Young. 



Miss D. Zimmern. 



Investigators. 



Professor Kirkaldy undertook to organise the investigation in the Birming- 

 ham district, especially with reference to munitions and the metal trades. The 

 Central Care Committee of the Birmingham Education Committee, whose Chair- 

 man, Councillor Lord, was keenly interested, made it possible for Miss Aime 

 Ashley to undertake the direction of the investigation. Miss Lee, of the Bir- 

 mingham Women's Settlement, was appointed investigator. 



With remarkably few exceptions, and in spite of the pressure of war work 

 in some of the industries investigated, employers, managers of companies, trade 

 union officials and individual working men and women showed great willingness 

 to help on the work of the Conference. Very valuable assistance was also 

 obtained from various women's organisations throughout the countrv. Thus a 

 considerable amount of useful information was collected, and although, owing to 

 the still undeveloped state of a unique economic situation, statistical data wero 

 not fully available, it has been foimd impossible to compile a Report which, on 

 its descriptive side, refers to new and interesting phenomena which have 

 entered into English industrial and commercial life. 



It was decided that the last three terms of the reference could at the moment 

 be more suitably dealt with by papers and discussion. To this end Mr. 

 Christopher Turnor was asked to read a paper on Land Settlement for ex-service 



