TkAKSACTIONg OP SECTION H. 677 



Thus it is, for example, that the question of kinship leads us to consider 

 the special social arrangements which regulate the organisation of subsistence. 



(h) The mode ot life in little groups of kinsmen is enforced upon tliem by the 

 conditions of their environment : (1) their rudimentary technical knowledge and 

 implements, which render the resources of a district very limited and do not 

 permit of the siipport of a large number of persons ; (2) the existence of other 

 groupings which seek their subsistence by the same means and render impossible 

 their spreading indefinitely. 



(c) The social unity of the grouping, ensured by the order, rigorously 

 defined, in which the rights of an individual are transmitted from one genera- 

 tion to another. 



(d) The necessity for adult members of a little grouping to seek their wives 

 from neighbouring settlements, and the exodus of women from one group to 

 another which is the result of that necessity. 



The difference which, consequently, the native establishes between two cate- 

 gories of his relatives, those who belong to the grouping into which he was 

 bom, and tliose who are strangers to this grouping, and, as a result of this, the 

 difference in terms which designate the relatives on each side. 



(e) The grouping keeping together by the fact of being born one from the 

 other, an individual transmits to another only the rights which he has coiijointly 

 with other members of the group. 



The genetic relationship which unites him to his own children has no import- 

 ance, seeing that his brothers and the children of his brothers, in consequence 

 of their being born in the same grouping, have exactly the same rights. From 

 this arises a seeming paradox, which consists in the fact that the native con- 

 founds under the same appellation relationships which are essentially different 

 in our estimation. 



(/) The mode of transmission of the rights of enjoyment of the soil in the 

 groupings which are cemented by maternal descent. 



4. Early Man in East Anglia. By Eev. H. J. Dukinfield Astley. 



It is unnecessary to enlarge on the classification now accomplished of 

 Palaeolithic times, chiefly from the data in the French caves. Formerly it was 

 sufficient to differentiate the Drift and the Cave periods.' 



It is now realised that the Cave Period was of vast duration and consisted 

 of a succession of well-defined epochs, as did also the Drift. 



Various classifications have been attempted as knowledge has improved — those 

 of Mortillet, Piette, Hoernes ; the latest are those of M. Eutot and the 

 Abbe Breuil, and a careful table in the Report of the last Prehistoric Congress 

 at Geneva, 1912. 



This definitely established the existence of the Aurignacian Period between 

 the Mousterian and Solutrian periods, tentatively suggested by the Abbe Breuil 

 at the Monaco Congress in 1906. (The names are derived from the caves 

 containing the characteristic culture.) 



As regards England, Professor Sollas has assigned the Paviland Cave to the 

 Aurignacian Period, and some implements with distinctive Aurignac features 

 have been found in Kent's Cavern and Wookey Hole. 



The object of this communication is to show reason for affirming the habitat 

 of Aurignac Man in districts where no caves exist. The ' Cissbury ' type shows 

 unmistakeable Aurignac affinities. 



A rich field has been lately disclosed in East Anglia — not only in the 

 Palaeolithic Floors at Thetford Warren and Lakenheatli and Icklingham, so 

 untiringly explored by Dr. Sturge, but in the now celebrated ' Grime's Graves ' 

 near Brandon.^ 



Mr. Reginald Smith's doubts have led to further excavations undertaken in 

 1914. The results are now before the public. These show implements of 



^ Evans, Stone Invpltments, and Avebury, Prehistoric Times. 

 ' Description of Grime's Graves, Canon GreenweWs excavations, 1870 — all 

 assigned to the Neolithic Age. 



