692 TRANSACTIONS OF SECTION I. 



The references apart from those to the origin of the War are almost entirely 

 confined to the incidents happening within a comparatively short time of the 

 date on which the essays were written. Such important events as the march 

 on Paris, the' retreat from Mons, and the battle of the Marne receive no atten- 

 tion. Matters distant in time or place appear to have little interest for young 

 children. 



Curious instances are given of the extraordinary impressions produced upon 

 children by new experiences, and interesting sidelights are obtained of dis- 

 cussions on the War overheard at home. The passage from matters of local to 

 those of general interest as the age increases is very marked. Not a single 

 member of the Cabinet is mentioned with the exception of Lord Kitchener, to 

 whom, especially in the boys' essays, constant reference is made. 



From the age of eleven onwards great anxiety is felt with regard to the 

 price of food, and the excessive interest taken in the operations in the 

 Dardanelles is clearly due to the supposed connection of the free passage to the 

 Black Sea with the price of food. 



The most interesting results are (1) the clearly marked change of interest 

 from age to age ; (2) the radical difference between the interests of boys and 

 those of girls up to the age of twelve ; and (3) the maturity of ideas on such a 

 subject as the War at the age of thirteen, more especially in the case of girls, 

 who are in this respect at least a year ahead of the boys. 



The methods of expressing ideas from age to age are touched upon. 



2. An Attempl to trace the Course of the Development of some Menial 

 Capacities by the Application of Mental Tests to Children from 

 Five to Fifteen Years of Age. By Miss M. E. Bickeesteth. 



1. The possibility of establishing by means of mental tests reliable age norms 



graded by years. The work of Binet and Simon. 



2. Subjects of the Experiment. 



Girls. Oxford Higher Elementary Schools. 



Girls. Secondary Schools. 



Boys and Girls. Oxfordshire Village Schools. 



Boys and Girls. Ripon Elementary Schools. 



Boys and Girls. Leeds Elementary Schools. 



Boys and Girls. Yorkshire Dales Elementary Schools. 



3. Apparatus Procedure, and Results of the several Testa. 



List of Tests. 



1. Precision and Speed of "j Q S t P tt n I ^®^* *^^ Analytic and 



Movement (Plunger) I j^^^^^^^^^^ ^"Repeated'] Synt^ietic Apper- 



2. Power of Sustamed ^ I ception. 



Effort (Tapping) I 10. Discriminative Reaction \ Attention 



3. Alphabet Test I m i c tv •™- H- Discs and Sentences | Tests. 



4. Number Test Tests of Discrimma jo. Completion of U • Tf 



5. Combined Test I ^'^^ Selection. Analogies [ ^^^^^^^^S Test. 



6. Memory for Narrative 1 jyjg^ ^v 



7. Memory for Related Words [■ rr.„„i, 



8. Memorv forUnrelatedWords 



Tests. 



4. Deductions. 



1. The Correlation between Mental and Physical Age. 



2. The Ages at which Mental Capacities show Changes in Development. 



3. The Correlation of Mental and Motor Ability. 



4. The Variation with Age in the Correlation of different Mental Capacities. 



5. The Mental Differences between Town and Country Children. 



5. General Conclusions as to the Value of Mental Tests to Show the Increaae of 



Capacity with_Age. 



