TRANSACTIONS OP SECTION L. 759 



and science departments of the university, combined with adequate experience 

 in the workshop or factory, is required. 



Safeguards must be taken to prevent tlie training being too academic. In 

 addition to the intellectual and technical training, there must be opportunities 

 for the student to obtain first-hand knowledge of the particular industry in 

 wliich he is interested. A year's experience in the workshop may precede the 

 student's entrance to the university, in which connection a system of ' deferred 

 scholarships ' from the secondary schools to the university for boys who intend 

 to enter industry would be useful, or the 'sandwich system ' of training may be 

 adopted, in which case the youth on leaving the secondary school would enter on 

 a course of training which each year is carried on partly in the university and 

 partly in the workshop. 



EijuaHhf of Opportunitij for Ccpnciti/. — Industry is now experiencing the lack 

 of expert technical helpers, and the present crisis should bring the nation to 

 recognise how essential it is to utilise to the full native brain power in whatever 

 rank it is found. British talent is not inferior to that of other nations, but 

 technically trained talent will naturally dominate untrained talent in industrial 

 enterprise, and it is for us to see that native tafent has at home facilities for 

 specialised training not less favourable than those enjoyed by foreigners in their 

 country. England must be the land of 'opportunity and the sieve.' There 

 must be careful selection of capacity, with ample facilities for specialised study, 

 to produce men of intellectual power, combined with high technical training. 

 Our present system which allows mediocrity with pecuniary means to secure high 

 training and denies such training to natural high capacity without pecuniary 

 means is wasteful. High intellectual endowment is a natural asset, and the 

 State should adopt methods to realise this asset. There are required 



{a) an extended system of scholarships, 



(b) grants-in-aid or maintenance allowances to enable suitable students to 

 continue their studies, 



(c) greater endowment of research. 



Research is intimately connected with manufacturing progress. Without 

 highly trained men engaged in experimental work there can be no development 

 of industry, and unless there is development there must be stagnation and decay. 

 The astounding apathy with which English firms are accustomed to view the 

 highly trained expert in industry must give way to a full appreciation of the 

 value of trained intellect if British industry is to flourish. 



Education and Industry a Partnership. — Great gaps are now being made in 

 the ranks of skilled workers of every grade in industry, in commerce, and in the 

 professions. As a nation we shall have to make good the wealth which is lost. 

 The War will be followed by keen competition between the brains of the various 

 nations, and England should prepare along thorough and adequate lines for that 

 struggle. It is by an alliance between the educational institutions and the 

 workshops of England and close co-operation between the employers and the 

 Education Authorities that success will be attained. If the proper relationship 

 between education and industry is secured, there will arise in England an indus- 

 trial army with trained leaders capable of maintaining our industrial supremacy. 



Papers on the same subject were also contributed by : — 



4. Professor H. E. Armstrong, F.R S. 



5. A. P. M. Fleming. 



6. J. G. Pearce. 



7. Dr. W. Cramp. 



