2 JOURNAL, BOMBAY NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY, Vol. VIIi. 
flanks chestnut ; belly albescent, more or less suffused with rufous ; chin and 
upper throat white ; under tail-coverts favescent-rufous. Bull, upper mandible 
dark blue-grey, culmen, tip and base of lower mandible dusky, remainder 
fleshy-white ; legs dull yellowish to purplish-brown ; irides of various shades of 
reds and, red-browns. 
MMale—Length 9°5”; wing 4°4” ; tail 44" ; targus °75" ; bill at front ion 
and from gape 12”, 
Female—Length barely 9” ; both wing and tail as nearly as possible 4:2”, 
the wing sometimes as much as 4°25” or even more. 
Niprrication.—I have taken a considerable number of nests of this species, 
all of which were of almost exactly the same description. They are placed. in 
trees at heights varying from twenty to forty feet, more often nearer the former 
than the latter, and in every instance the nest has been suspended from a fork of 
a small branch. It is suspended much in the same manner as an Oriole’s, and 
not like that of Hypszpetes and other bulbuls. ‘The main portion of the nest is 
made of coarse grasses, bamboo leaves, soft bark in long shreds, and of other 
suitable fibrous materials. Moss is never used, moss roots and fern roots very 
seldom, except in the lining, which is sometimes composed of the latter. 
The grass is so used as to pass under and through the base of the nest, and 
is then brought inside and over the fork, round the nest again and over the 
fork on the opposite side. This is carried out with all, or nearly all, the longer 
materials, so that the nest assumes a rather bulky and, often, very untidy 
appearance, It is, though, very strong, and it requires no inconsiderable force 
to detach it from its support. 
The lining is generally composed of rather fine grasses, more or less mixed 
with fine, soft fern roots. In some nests it is composed almost entirely of the 
last material, and in a few there is little or no lining of any sort whatsoever. 
They are rather shallow, as a rule, but differ considerably in this respect. I 
have taken nests of depths ranging from 1:2” only to over 2°9”. In breadth 
they vary from 8°2” to. very nearly 5”. 
The branch selected as a site for the nest is generally one towards the outer 
part of the tree, and it is, therefore, often very difficult to obtain -without 
cutting off a large portion of the branch. 
The normal number of the eggs is three, four is quite exceptional, and two 
very common. 
The ground-colour is a very pale reddish-white or dead-white, and they are 
spotted profusely throughout with dark brownish-red. Underlying these 
marks are numerous tiny specks of pale inky, which, however, are not notice- 
able until the egg is very closely looked into. 
