Wynne — Notes on the Geology of the Punjab Salt Range. 87 



One may well pause "before accepting as real this apparent 

 tranquillity of succession throughout so vast a range of geological 

 chronology, but nevertheless the signs of a contrary state of things, 

 so far as the Salt Eange is itself concerned (and despite it being now 

 an active earthquake region), if present at all, are so slight and so 

 obscure as to evade the recognition of all but the most visionary of 

 observers. 



With regard to the Salt Range series generally, after mature 

 deliberation on the evidence as it stood, and after frequently ex- 

 pressed concurrence, from its palseontological aspect, on the part of 

 Dr. Waagen when in consultation, it has been found to contain 

 groups or divisions reckoned from above downwards, synchronous 

 with the five newest principal divisions of the general geological 

 scale. The Lias was not recognized, but the presence of a Per- 

 mian horizon, at first included in our Carboniferous group, was 

 subsequently recorded by Dr. Waagen {Pal. Ind., ser. xiii., Pro- 

 ductus Limestone Group, 1879, etc.). 1 



This carboniferous or Productus Limestone, &c, is largely 

 developed in westerly localities. Beneath it there are two azoic, 

 or as yet unfossiliferous groups of uncertain age, but below them 

 comes the Silurian or Obohcs zone, the age of which was long 

 since determined by the late Drs. Oldham and Stoliezka from the 

 Obolus or Siphonotreta which I had found in it. 2 This zone rests 

 upon a thick mass of purple sandstones (dying out to the west), 

 which overlies the lowest and oldest group of all, the bright-scarlet 



1 In this publication, since our joint determinations were reached, Dr. Waagen has 

 in several cases cast doubts upon these results, always avoiding any allusion to his 

 own share therein. In his most recent Paper, Records Geol. Sur. Ind., vol. xix. pt. 1, 

 1886, p. 22, received since most of the present communication was written, the same 

 habit still seems to cling to bim, as where, at p. 33, he relegates the Salt-pseudomorph 

 zone, for which a Triassic age was indicated, at his own suggestion, to the Palaaozoic 

 period as not greatly different from older Carboniferous. 



This "Carboniferous group," as originally undivided, is remarkable for having 

 afforded the earliest known Ammonite, and the very peculiar Brachiopoda, Lyttonia and 

 Oldhamina ("Waagen), these or allied forms being only found in two or three other distant 

 eastern localities— one in China, another in the Ural, and again in the Alpine Ehaetic. 

 The Oldhamina had previously been described, apparently from a single specimen, as a 

 Bellerophon by de Koninck, whilst the interiorly-ribbed valves of Lyttonia had been 

 mistaken for fish-teeth. Specimens of the fossils were laid before the meeting, and 

 afterwards presented to the Museum, Trinity College, Dublin. (See Pal. Ind. ser. xiii., 

 Salt Eange Fossils i., Productus Limestone Fossils iv. (fas. 2), 391 et seq.) 

 See my Report on Salt Eange, Mem. G. S. Ind., vol. xiv. pp. 95, 221. 



