182 Scientific Proceedings, Royal Dublin Society. 



Habitat. — Port Jackson, var a. ; Sydney, 35 fms., var. b. ; Zam 

 boanga, var. c; lat. 10° 30' S. ; long. 142° 18' E. ; 8 fms. This is 

 probably one of the two very different sponges which were named 

 T. simillima by Bowerbank. 



Craniella palchra, sp. n. — Spicules — (1) fusiform acerate 4*6 by 

 05 mm. Small acerate of the cortex 1*2 by 0*0395 mm. ; 



(2) trifid fork, shaft 7*1 by 0-0225 mm. ; prongs 0.125 mm. long. ; 



(3) anchor, shaft, 8-57 by 0-0165 mm. ; rays, 0-0434 by 0-012 mm. ; 

 the axial fibre of the shaft extends into the head beyond the origin 

 of the rays. 



Habitat— Lat. 16° 50' N. ; long. 25° 8' W. 260 fms. 



Craniella carteri, sp. n. — Cortex, distinguished by curious cell- 

 aggregates, distributed through its outer collenchymatous layer. 

 These parenchyma-like masses of cells are sharply distinguished 

 from the surrounding tissue, they scarcely stain with reagents, 

 and contain ochreous-coloured spherical granules. Spicules — 

 (1) fusiform acerate, 2'6 by 0035 mm., and a smaller acerate of 

 the cortex ; (2) trifid forks, shaft, 3-5 by 0-014 to 0016 mm. ; 

 rays, 0-0868 by 0-012 mm. ; (4) anchors, with rays not quite 

 terminal, the shaft being continued far enough to give a double 

 curvature to the distal margin : shaft, 6-75 by 0-02 mm. ; rays, 

 0*06 mm. long. Arculi and sigmellse absent. 



Habitat. — Bahia. 



Craniella schmidtii, sp. n. — Spicules — (1) fusiform acerate, 1*34 

 to 2'23 by 0-03 mm. ; and smaller acerates of the cortex, 0*414 

 by 0*0276 mm. long ; (2) trifid fork, two varieties which pass into 

 each other ; one with short, stout, rays, 0*127 by 0-0237 mm. ; the 

 other, with longer, slenderer, rays, 0*142 by 0*012 ; (3) anchors, 

 rays, 0*075 by 0-016 mm. ; spread, 0-01 mm. ; the axial fibre 

 extends into the head ; (4) arculi and sigmellse, 0-0197 mm. long. 



Habitat.— Lat. 38° 30' N. ; long 31° 14' W. ; 1000 fms. This 

 sponge is probably one of those which O. Schmidt has named 

 Craniella cranium, which is a purely northern species, and it appears 

 doubtful whether Schmidt had ever seen it. 



Genus 4. Cinochyra, g. n. — The ectosome forms a cortex, 

 which consists chiefly of a dense fibrous felt; cortical acerates 



