456 Scientific Proceedings, Royal Dublin Society. 



tion by the Tangaroro volcano, and on the other by White Island in 

 the Bay of Plenty, also volcanic in its nature, and at present (Sep- 

 tember, 1886) in active eruption. The seat of the Andalucian earth- 

 quake, as also the points more markedly affected thereby, are within 

 circles, the zone of greatest intensity being more deeply marked. 



It will not be out of place to state summarily the main facts 

 relative to the two earthquakes thus brought into relation. 



That of Andalucia was described in Nature, vol. xxxi., p. 199 

 (January 1st, 1885) ; also in an article, " The Earthquake in 

 Spain," p. 237, and in a note, p. 277, giving a resume of Mr. 

 Jos. Macpherson's remarks on the event, made before the Spanish 

 Natural History Society, January 7th, 1885. From these it may 

 be learned that a series of very violent earthquakes occurred in 

 Andalucia during a period of some weeks, commencing at Christ- 

 mas, 1884 ; that while the motion was felt so far north as Madrid, 

 the district most severely visited lay in the provinces of Grranada 

 and Malaga, forming a parallelogram measuring about 70 miles 

 from east to west, and about 35 miles from north to south. The 

 eastern part of this district passed into the great range of the 

 Sierra Nevada, of which the highest peaks rise to between 11,000 

 and 12,000 feet above the level of the sea. The area of maximum 

 destruction lay in the western sierras, and covered the ground to 

 the north and south of them. The greatest amount of damage 

 was done at Alhama, which was almost entirely ruined. In Arenas 

 del E-ey 40 persons were killed ; in Albuqueros 150 ; in Olivar 10 ; 

 in Cijar 12 ; and numbers of like magnitude were reported from 

 many towns and villages of the three provinces affected. The 

 number of persons killed was estimated officially at more than 

 1000 persons. In the sketch-map published in Nature, vol. xxxi., 

 p. 199, the following cities, towns, and villages, are indicated as 

 having suffered shocks : — Madrid, Cuidad-real, Cordova, Jaen, 

 Seville, Archidona, Granada, Antiquera, Cadiz, Malaga, Torrox, 

 Almunecar, Alham, Alfarnetejo, Periana, Jayena, Olivar, and 

 Albufiuelas. 



From the remarks made by Mr. Macpherson (vol. xxxi., p. 

 278), the following additional particulars are gathered : — 



The earthquake presented marked coincidences with the geo- 

 logical structure of the country affected, and was divided by him 

 into three successive phases — one of relatively slight importance, 



