Kjnahan. — On Irish Arenaceous Rocks. 537 



that this cannot he correct. Some of these sandstones will dress 

 fairly well, but they are not in general request. 



Grange. North-north-east of Armagh. — A free-working, fine 

 sandstone, considered to be inferior to the " Dungannon stones," 

 Co. Tyrone, and those of Lisnaskea, Co. Fermanagh. It was used 

 during the restoration of the Armagh Cathedral in 1835 ; but for 

 the dressed work foreign stones were used, as presently mentioned- 



At Armagh there are conglomerates that are said to be Per- 

 mians. Possibly they may be of that age, that is, the " Passage 

 rocks," from the Carboniferous to the Trias ; but it seems more 

 probable that they are the basal beds of the latter. They lie 

 nearly horizontal, as do also the Carboniferous rocks below, and 

 the Trias rocks above, so that their exact age is hard to determine. 

 These formerly were rather extensively used for ordinary building 

 purposes, and some beds for flagging in Armagh. 



Triassic. — Sandstones, or " Eed Free," occurs to the North of 

 the county, in the valley of the Blackwater, and at Armagh, and 

 seem formerly to have been utilised ; but of late they are not of 

 repute. Between 1840 and 1845, when repairing the Cathedral at 

 Armagh, " English reds " were used for the carved head, while 

 about the same time Scotch stones were imported for Lord Lurgan's 

 new house. 



In the vicinity of Armagh, near Eedbarn, at the bottom of the 

 red beds, either in the Trias or the so-called Permian, is a Calcare- 

 ous, hard, red breccia that has been used for flagging in Armagh. 



Sand and Gravel occur in the drift alluvium and diluvium. 

 Good sharp sands for building purposes are found on the shores of 

 Lough Neagh, near Lurgan, while good river-sand occurs about 

 two miles from Armagh. 



CARLOW. 



The only sandstones and grits belong to the Carboniferous. 

 They occur in the Lower Coal-measures that extend from Kil- 

 kenny and Queen's County into the western portion of the county. 

 Although not now in request, being only used for local building 

 purposes, they are capable of fine and durable work, as may be 

 seen in the exquisitely carved and beautiful doorway of the an- 

 cient church in Killeshin Glen. The principal quarry in them is 



