70 Dr Marr, Submergence and glacial climates during the 



The sections recently seen near Cambridge tell us little, but 

 a brickpit in stratified loam with 'race' nodules similar to those 

 found in the Cambridge sections has long been worked near the 

 railway between Longstanton and Swavesey. It contains boulders, 

 and is actually mapped as boulder-clay. A somewhat similar 

 loam with boulders at High Lodge near Mildenhall has long been 

 known for its implements of Mousterian type. These deposits 

 are at an elevation just below that of the highest palaeolithic 

 gravels, as are those of Cambridge. 



Further afield there is the very significant section at Hoxne, 

 described in detail in a paper drawn up by the late Clement Reid, 

 F.R.S.. and published in the Report of the British Association for 

 1896. ' 



At that locality we have a stratigraphical sequence. Above 

 the boulder-clay lies an aquatic deposit marked by a temperate 

 fauna. It is succeeded by loams with an arctic flora, and above 

 that are loams with palaeolithic implements. They have been 

 usually regarded as Acheulean, but there is one specimen in the 

 Sedgwick Museum which is of a distinct Mousterian type. Taking 

 these facts into consideration, a period of cold climate in this 

 country in Mousterian times seems probable. In any case, the 

 evidence points to a difference of date of the arctic plant-beds of 

 Hoxne and Barnwell Station. 



(c) The fauna of the beds of the Barnwell village terrace 

 claimed here as of newer date than those containing CoriicM^ajj 

 suggests an amelioration of the climate, but in the absence of a '' 

 well preserved flora, this is doubtful. 



(d) The Barnwell Station flora, as before observed, is distinctly 

 arctic, and when this flora lived here, we can hardly suppose that 

 our higher hills escaped glaciation. The same remark may be 

 made of the Hoxne flora. 



This series of changes would accord with the classification of 

 the beds on the continent thus : 



European Continent Cambridgeshire 



Pleistocene 



Wiirm glaciattoxi Barnwell Station beds. 



Waiiii period Newer Barnwell village deposits. 



Riss glaciation Observatory gravels and loams. 



Warm period Corhicula gravels. 



Mindel glaciation Chalky Boulder Clay. 



Pliocene 

 Warm period Cromer 'Forest' series. 



Giinz glaciation Chillesford beds. 



I merely put this forward tentatively, claiming however that 

 we have in Cambridge proofs of two if not three Pleistocene cold 

 periods. 



