Witson— Mendelian Characters among Short-horn Cattle. 323 
only one case occurs. The paucity of white matings detracts 
from the completeness of the data; but the necessary numbers can 
be made up from other data collected by Miss Barrington and 
Professor Pearson. They searched the herd-book for white matings, 
and found that 91 such cases produced 1 red calf, 4 roans, and 86 
whites. In view of the causes of error above mentioned, and the 
regularity with which the Mendelian law operates, these 5 coloured 
calves may be set down as substitutes or the progeny of erroneously 
described parents. 
Expressed in Mendelian form, the data I have collected give 
the following results :— 
Reds. Roans. Whites. 
95 Reds, crossed by reds, produce 90 5) 0 
1 White, < white, produces 0 0 1 
78 Reds, a whites, produce 0 78 0 
370 Roans, es roans, i 90 i78 102 
426 Roans, iM reds, ae 214 209 3 
53 Roans, re whites, ., 0 34 19 
10238 
Remembering the sources of error, the above figures approxi- 
mate sufficiently closely to Mendelian ratios to show that the roan 
short-horn is a hybrid between two races—one white, the other 
“red.” 
It may be of some interest to show the colours of the calves 
when reds are crossed by roans—-first, when the bull is red, and 
secondly, when the bull is roan. ‘They are as follows :— 
Reds. Roans. Whites. 
150 Red bulls produced from 150 roan cows, 86 63 1 
276 Roan bulls a 276 red cows, 128 146 2 
The short historical sketch of British cattle in this paper 
is based chiefly upon the following :— Bede’s Ecclesiastical 
History and The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle; Green’s The Making of 
Finglund ; Boyd Dawkins’s Early Man in Britain; an article in 
“ Archeologia” by M‘Kenny Hughes, On the more important Breeds 
of Cattle which have been recognized in the British Isles in successive 
periods; Storer’s Wild White Cattle; Harting’s Extinct British 
